Estimation of left ventricular filling pressure by use of Doppler echocardiography in healthy anesthetized dogs subjected to acute volume loading

Schober, Karsten E.; Bonagura, John D.; Scansen, Brian A.; Stern, Joshua A.; Ponzio, Nicole M.

doi:10.2460/javma.233.4.617

Cited by 21 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Higher Ef/Em ratio was found in DCM group which means an elevated left ventricular filling pressure and increased left atrial pressure (Oyama et al 2004, Acil et al 2005, Schober et al 2008 in dogs with DCM, demonstrating that dogs in this group were really volume overloaded. Previous reports showed that a volume overload condition is supposed to influence diastolic waves obtained by tissue Doppler, increasing their velocities (Mendes et al 2008, Tidholm et al 2009, Schober et al 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Myocardial velocities obtained by pulsed tissue Doppler in English Cocker Spaniels with dilated cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure

et al. 2016

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RESUMO.-[Velocidades miocárdicas obtidas por meio de Doppler tecidual pulsátil em cães da raça Cocker Spaniel Inglês com cardiomiopatia dilatada e insuficiência cardíaca congestiva.] A cardiomiopatia dilatada (CMD) é caracterizada por disfunção miocárdica sistólica, a qual pode ser identificada pelas baixas velocidades miocárdicas obtidas por meio de Doppler tecidual pulsátil (DTP). Contudo, sabe-se que a elevada pré-carga aumenta as velocidades miocárdicas, o que poderia superestimar a função miocár-dica e tornar desafiadora a caracterização da disfunção nos cães com CMD e insuficiência cardíaca congestiva. Para testar a hipótese de que a elevada pré-carga pode mascarar a However, increased preload is known to increase myocardial velocities which could overestimate myocardial function and turn dysfunction characterization into a challenge in dogs with DCM and congestive heart failure. To test the hypothesis that increased preload could hamper identification of low myocardial velocities in dogs with DCM and congestive heart failure the present study prospectively evaluated 32 English Cocker Spaniel dogs, being 16 with clinical DCM and 16 healthy for control purpose. The PTD analysis of regional velocities were performed in both longitudinal and radial myocardial displacements and systolic (Sm), early (Em) and late diastolic (Am) velocities were obtained in left ventricular free wall (LVFW) and interventricular septum (IVS). Peak radial subendocardial and subepicardial Sm velocities were lower in DCM group compared to control (0.065±0.018 vs. 0.102±0.020m/s and 0.059±0.014 vs. 0.094±0.025m/s respectively; p<0.001). Peak longitudinal Sm velocities were lower in basal and medial portions of LVFW (0.093±0.034 vs. 0.155±0.034m/s and 0.091±0.033 vs. 0.134±0.037m/s respectively; p<0.001) and IVS (0.063±0.021 vs. 0.136±0.039 and 0.066±0.026 vs. 0.104±0.032m/s respectively; p<0.001). Most of diastolic velocities were not significantly different between groups, although advanced myocardial disease and dysfunction are expected in DCM group. Reduction in systolic basal and medial longitudinal myocardial velocities and in radial myocardial velocities was the most significant PTD findings. Increased preload did not represent a problem to evaluate systolic dysfunction by PTD in English Cocker Spaniels with DCM, but influence of preload on assessment of diastolic velocities should be better elucidated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Myocardial velocities obtained by pulsed tissue Doppler in English Cocker Spaniels with dilated cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure

et al. 2016

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“…Schober et al could not obtain significant linear regression with not MR but an acute volume overload model and, and denied the utility of E/Ea (Table 6) [24]. In contrast, Oyama et al examined with an acute MR model, and achieved a significant linear regression equation with good correlation [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Recently, the usefulness of isovolumic ventricular relaxation time (IVRT) [24], pulmonary venous flow (PVF) [14], plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentration [2,17] and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) [10] have also been reported as noninvasive assessment of LAP in volume overload models and clinical MR patients including human and dogs. However, there were problems with dogs that were used in these studies.Some studies used healthy dogs under acute volumeoverload condition [20,24], which may differ from the clinical cases in the pathophysiology. For example, the v wave, which should be higher than the a wave in the LAP cycle in dogs with MR, might be lower than a wave in these acute volume-overload models because there is no regurgitation at the time when the v wave appears.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of reports have described the echocardiographic estimation of LAP and its alternative, which is the left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP), in humans [5,6,20] and in veterinary medicine [21,26]. Recently, the usefulness of isovolumic ventricular relaxation time (IVRT) [24], pulmonary venous flow (PVF) [14], plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentration [2,17] and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) [10] have also been reported as noninvasive assessment of LAP in volume overload models and clinical MR patients including human and dogs. However, there were problems with dogs that were used in these studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies used healthy dogs under acute volumeoverload condition [20,24], which may differ from the clinical cases in the pathophysiology. For example, the v wave, which should be higher than the a wave in the LAP cycle in dogs with MR, might be lower than a wave in these acute volume-overload models because there is no regurgitation at the time when the v wave appears.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Echocardiographic Estimation of Left Atrial Pressure in Beagle Dogs with Experimentally-Induced Mitral Valve Regurgitation

et al. 2011

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ABSTRACT. Non-invasive and immediate estimation of left atrial pressure (LAP) is very useful for the management of mitral regurgitation (MR), and many reports have assessed echocardiographic estimations of LAP to date. However, it has been unclear of which examination and evaluate article possess the best accuracy for the MR severity. The present research aims to establish the echocardiographic estimation equation of LAP that is well applicable for clinical MR dogs. After the chordae tendineae rupture was experimentally induced via left atriotomy in six healthy beagle dogs (three males and three females, two years old, weighing between 9.8 to 12.8 kg), a radio telemetry transmitter catheter was inserted, which allows the continuous recordings of LAP without the use of sedation. Approximately 5 weeks after the surgery, echocardiographic examination, indirect blood pressure measurement, measurement of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and LAP measurement by way of the radio telemetry system was performed simultaneously. Subsequently, simple linear regression equations between LAP and each variable were obtained, and the equations were evaluated whether to be applicable for clinical MR dogs. As a result, the ratio of early diastolic mitral flow to early diastolic lateral mitral annulus velocity (E/Ea) had the strongest correlation as maximum LAP=7.03*(E/Ea)-54.86 (r=0.74), and as mean LAP=4.94*(E/Ea)-40.37 (r=0.70) among the all variables. Therefore, these two equations associated with E/Ea should bring more precise and instant estimations of maximum and mean LAP in clinical MR dogs.KEY WORDS: atrial natriuretic peptide, mitral annulus velocity, mitral inflow, radio telemetry system. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 73(8): 1015-1024, 2011 Mitral valve regurgitation (MR), secondary to degenerative mitral valve apparatus disease (MVD), is one of the most common cardiac disorders in dogs [1]. Although surgical interventions such as mitral valve repair [11] and replacement [3] have been reported, most owners do not pursue these surgical options due to the cost or the small number of facilities able to perform such interventions. Therefore, most patients follow appropriate drug therapy on the basis of adequate evaluation of clinical symptoms.In dogs with moderate to severe MR, left atrial pressure (LAP) rises markedly as a result of volume overload and regurgitation [1,27]. Echocardiography has been one of the most valuable modalities for evaluating left atrial and ventricular dilation and slower MR velocity which is caused by the elevated LAP [7]. A number of reports have described the echocardiographic estimation of LAP and its alternative, which is the left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP), in humans [5,6,20] and in veterinary medicine [21,26]. Recently, the usefulness of isovolumic ventricular relaxation time (IVRT) [24], pulmonary venous flow (PVF) [14], plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentration [2,17] and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) [10] have also been reported as noninvasive assessment of LAP in volume ove...

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Echocardiographic assessment of canine degenerative mitral valve disease

Chetboul

Tissier

2012

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

143

172

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Estimation of left ventricular filling pressure by use of Doppler echocardiography in healthy anesthetized dogs subjected to acute volume loading

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Myocardial velocities obtained by pulsed tissue Doppler in English Cocker Spaniels with dilated cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure

Myocardial velocities obtained by pulsed tissue Doppler in English Cocker Spaniels with dilated cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure

Echocardiographic Estimation of Left Atrial Pressure in Beagle Dogs with Experimentally-Induced Mitral Valve Regurgitation

Echocardiographic assessment of canine degenerative mitral valve disease

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