Estimating the legibility of a single letter E viewed at different display angles

Cai, Hongyi; Green, Paul A.; Kim, Jong Jin

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2012.11.010

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…While the present method provides a solid methodological approach for evaluating how glanceable typefaces are relative to one another, large datasets of this type could allow for modelling the characteristics of 'optimal' glanceable typeface. Indeed, legibility has been modelled in other contexts (Watson and Fitzhugh 1989;Cai, Green, and Kim 2013;Wolfe et al 2016). A model of optimal design characteristics leading to perfectly glanceable typography would be an ambitious undertaking, requiring a scope of data beyond the present effort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The great typography bake-off: comparing legibility at-a-glance

Sawyer¹,

Dobres

Chahine

2020

Ergonomics

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Typography plays an increasingly important role in today's dynamic digital interfaces. Graphic designers and interface engineers have more typographic options than ever before. Sorting through this maze of design choices can be a daunting task. Here we present the results of an experiment comparing differences in glance-based legibility between eight popular sans-serif typefaces. The results show typography to be more than a matter of taste, especially in safety critical contexts such as in-vehicle interfaces. Our work provides both a method and rationale for using glanceable typefaces, as well as actionable information to guide design decisions for optimised usability in the fast-paced mobile world in which information is increasingly consumed in a few short glances. Practitioner summary: There is presently no accepted scientific method for comparing font legibility under time-pressure, in 'glanceable' interfaces such as automotive displays and smartphone notifications. A 'bake-off' method is demonstrated with eight popular sans-serif typefaces. The results produce actionable information to guide design decisions when information must be consumed at-a-glance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The great typography bake-off: comparing legibility at-a-glance

Sawyer¹,

Dobres

Chahine

2020

Ergonomics

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“…A new legibility equation, given by Equation 3, that quantifies the impact of display angles in the range of 0.0°to 90.0°on the legibility of Sans-Serif 5 × 5 (ie, framed tangentially by a square, 5 units high and 5 units wide) capitalized letters C, D, E, F, H, K, N, P, R, U, V, and Z is commonly used for acuity tests. This equation addresses three issues that are not tackled in previous studies, [31][32][33] including extremely large viewing angles in the range of 82.8°to 90.0°, multiple letters (a single letter E was previously used), and the interference of people's normal reading habit with legibility evaluation. 26 The variables in Equation 3 are as follows: D = viewing distance to the display viewed at any angle, H = normal text height, S w = stroke width, S d = denominator of an observer's Snellen acuity, L b = background luminance, C % = luminance contrast percent, and ξ = incident angle between the display normal and an observer's sightline.…”

Section: Studies Related To Legibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A new legibility equation, given by Equation , that quantifies the impact of display angles in the range of 0.0° to 90.0° on the legibility of Sans‐Serif 5 × 5 (ie, framed tangentially by a square, 5 units high and 5 units wide) capitalized letters C, D, E, F, H, K, N, P, R, U, V, and Z is commonly used for acuity tests. This equation addresses three issues that are not tackled in previous studies, including extremely large viewing angles in the range of 82.8° to 90.0°, multiple letters (a single letter E was previously used), and the interference of people's normal reading habit with legibility evaluation

D = ({, \begin{matrix} 2443.5 H {(\frac{H}{S_{w}})}^{- 1} S_{d}^{- 1} L_{b}^{0.213} C_{%}^{0.532} {(cos ξ)}^{0.5} 0^{°} \leq ξ \leq {65.7}^{°} \\ 2443.5 H {(\frac{H}{S_{w}})}^{- 1} S_{d}^{- 1} L_{b}^{0.213} C_{%}^{0.532} {(cos ξ)}^{0.5} {(0.024 ξ - 0.577)}^{- 1} {65.7}^{°} < ξ \leq {82.8}^{°} \end{matrix})

…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of curved computer displays on visual performance, visual fatigue, and emotional image quality

Lim

Yan

2019

J Soc Info Display

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This study investigated the effects of the curvature of curved computer displays on the visual performance, fatigue, and emotional image quality experienced by users during the performance of visual tasks. The characteristics of curved displays were compared and analyzed for different curvatures to investigate whether the curved displays showed improvements in terms of convenience of use when compared with flat displays. The visual performance results for the evaluated displays can be classified into three groups according to their response times, as (2000R = 2500R) > (3000R) > (3800R = 4500R = Flat). The visual fatigue results for average pupil size during a search task was 3.468 mm for flat and 3.355 mm for 2000R. This means that a 2000R curved display was found to be easier to use and thus generated less visual fatigue than a flat display when performing the same visual search task. Further, the results indicated that visual performance improved and visual fatigue decreased significantly as curvature increased. In this study, a curvature limit of 1700R was derived, when considering the image distortion of a 34‐in 21:9 curved display, and there was found to be no difference in the emotional image quality at curvatures greater than 2000R.

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“…A legibilidade é um atributo imprescindível em uma informação. É fundamental que textos e gráficos sejam legíveis para que as pessoas extraiam informações do ambiente ao seu redor (Cai, Green, & Kim, 2013). Os elementos que farão a leitura ser possível em uma RV imersiva, são diversos, tais como: a iluminação do ambiente virtual, o contraste figura/fundo, as dimensões dos caracteres.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified