Estimating premature mortality attributable to PM2.5 exposure and benefit of air pollution control policies in China for 2020

Maji, Kamal Jyoti; Dikshit, Anil Kumar; Arora, Mohit; Deshpande, Ashok

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.254

Cited by 206 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…To date, several studies have been conducted at regional and national levels to evaluate the effectiveness of the Action Plan. These studies have consistently indicated the health benefits of the improved air quality following the implementation of the Action Plan [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. However, such studies had limitations, as follows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the short-term mortality effect of the national action plan on air pollution in Beijing, China

Han

Sun

Gong

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

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The Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (referred to as the Action Plan henceforth) provides a golden opportunity for China to evaluate whether the remarkable air quality improvements as a result of the plan have brought about health benefits to residents. Based on the ground-level particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) concentrations and the daily respiratory-cardiovascular mortality, we aimed to assess changes in the mortality effect associated with short-term exposure to PM 2.5 due to the implementation of the Action Plan in Beijing. We analyzed the changes in PM 2.5 concentrations and air quality during the pre-and post-emission reduction periods. We then used the generalized additive model to estimate the changes in mortality risk associated with PM 2.5 exposure during both periods. We found that following the introduction of the Action Plan, the annual average PM 2.5 concentrations declined from 101.7 μg m −3 in 2013 to 58.6 μg m −3 in 2017, attaining the target of the plan (60 μg m −3 ). The remarkable reduction in PM 2.5 concentrations has led to a marked decrease in mortality risk. Compared with the pre-emission reduction level, total respiratory mortality decreased from 0.56% (95% CI: 0.40%-0.73%) to 0.43% (95% CI: 0.23%-0.63%), while the total cardiovascular mortality decreased from 0.44% (95% CI: 0.37%-0.52%) to 0.29% (95% CI: 0.19%-0.39%). Significant decreases were also observed in sex-specific subgroups. Our study implied that the significant efforts of the nation to clean China's air has yielded positive results of air quality improvement and human health protection in Beijing. However, the ambient air pollution in Beijing remains severe. The PM 2.5 concentrations still exceed the level (annual average of 10 μg m −3 ) recommended by the World Health Organization. Thus, consistent efforts are required to implement the emission abatement measures to continuously curb air pollution and protect public health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the short-term mortality effect of the national action plan on air pollution in Beijing, China

Han

Sun

Gong

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Cigarette smoke is implicated as the primary cause of COPD. However, factors like exposure to indoor pollution from biomass fuels and outdoor air pollution including occupational dusts particularly in developing countries also seem to contribute to disease progression (Barnes et al, 2015;Maji, Dikshit, Arora, & Deshpande, 2018;Vogelmeier et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2018). Sohal et al (2010) reported on fragmentation of the reticular basement membrane in large airways from endobronchial biopsies of smokers, and the findings positively correlated with the subjects' smoking history.…”

Section: Potential Role Of Emt In Copdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As one of the best known second messengers, cAMP transmits the information carried by hormones, neurotransmitters, and other extracellular signals into the intracellular environment (Berthet et al, 1957;Musheshe et al, 2018). As one of the main bronchodilator therapies, β 2 -adrenoceptor agonists augment the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids in obstructive lung diseases (Barnes et al, 2015;Maji et al, 2018;Vogelmeier et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2018). Even though it has been shown that the β 2 -adrenoceptor agonists inhibited cytokine release in vitro (Bosmann et al, 2012;Hallsworth, Twort, Lee, & Hirst, 2001;Poppinga et al, 2015), evidence for their anti-inflammatory properties in vivo is still lacking (Giembycz & Maurice, 2014;Giembycz & Newton, 2006).…”

Section: Outlook and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Function of cAMP scaffolds in obstructive lung disease: Focus on epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and oxidative stress

Zuo

Cattani‐Cavalieri

Musheshe

et al. 2019

British J Pharmacology

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Over the past decades, research has defined cAMP as one of the central cellular nodes in sensing and integrating multiple pathways and as a pivotal role player in lung pathophysiology. Obstructive lung disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are characterized by a persistent and progressive airflow limitation and by oxidative stress from endogenous and exogenous insults. The extent of airflow obstruction depends on the relative deposition of different constituents of the extracellular matrix, a process related to epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition, and which subsequently results in airway fibrosis. Oxidative stress from endogenous and also from exogenous sources causes a profound worsening of COPD. Here we describe how cAMP scaffolds and their different signalosomes in different subcellular compartments may contribute to COPD. Future research will require translational studies to alleviate disease symptoms by pharmacologically targeting the cAMP scaffolds. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on Adrenoceptors—New Roles for Old Players. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.14/issuetoc

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“…At present, atmospheric air pollution in China threatens the health of hundreds of millions of people (e.g. Kulmala, 2015;Lelieveld, Evans, Fnais, Giannadaki, & Pozzer, 2015;Maji, Dikshit, Arora, & Deshpande, 2018). In addition, it causes major problems to the environment and economy as a whole by decreasing, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Silk Road agenda of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) program

et al. 2018

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The Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (B&R) aims at facilitating the twenty-first Century economic development of China. However, climate change, air quality and related feedbacks are affecting the successful development of the environment and societies in the B&R geographical domain. The most urgent risks related to the atmospheric system, to the land system and to hydrospheric and cryospheric processes are changing climate -air quality interactions, air pollution, changing monsoon dynamics, land degradation, and the melting of Tibetan Plateau glaciers. A framework is needed in which a science and technology-based approach has the critical mass and expertise to identify the main steps toward solutions and is capable to implement this roadmap. The Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) program, initiated in 2012, aims to resolve science, technology and sustainability questions in the Northern Eurasian region. PEEX is now identifying its science agenda for the B&R region. One fundamental element of the PEEX research agenda is the availability of comprehensive ground-based observations together with Earth observation data. PEEX complements the recently launched international scientific program called Digital Belt and Road (DBAR). PEEX has expertise to coordinate the ground-based observations and initiate new flagship stations, while DBAR provides a big data platform on Earth observation from China and countries along the Belt and Road region. The DBAR and PEEX have joint interests and synergy expertise on monitoring on ecological environment, urbanization, cultural heritages, coastal zones, and arctic cold regions supporting

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Estimating premature mortality attributable to PM2.5 exposure and benefit of air pollution control policies in China for 2020

Cited by 206 publications

References 84 publications

Assessment of the short-term mortality effect of the national action plan on air pollution in Beijing, China

Assessment of the short-term mortality effect of the national action plan on air pollution in Beijing, China

Function of cAMP scaffolds in obstructive lung disease: Focus on epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and oxidative stress

The Silk Road agenda of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) program

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