Essential oil exposures in Australia: analysis of cases reported to the
            <scp>NSW</scp>
            Poisons Information Centre

Lee, Kristenbella Ayr; Harnett, Joanna; Cairns, Rose

doi:10.5694/mja2.50403

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…One study found 33% of products tested contained unlisted ingredients (Newmaster et al., 2013 ), whilst a 2019 study reported that 27% of the herbal products in the global marketplace were adulterated (Ichim, 2019 ). Many commercially available herbal remedies also have toxic effects when used in larger doses, or in certain circumstances (Chen et al., 2013 ; Cohen & Ernst, 2010 ; De Groot, 2013 ; Ernst, 2000 ; Fu et al., 2008 ; Lee et al., 2020 ; Lynch et al., 2006 ; McEwen, 2015 ; Mei et al., 2017 ; Nazari et al., 2017 ; Odaguchi et al., 2019 ; The Alpha‐Tocopherol Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group, 1994 ; Venkatramani et al., 2013 ; Werneke et al., 2004 ). Herbal products are usually controlled under different regulations to drugs (e.g., as dietary supplements or natural health products) and have not been subjected to the same scientific scrutiny.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A taxonomy of risk‐associated alternative health practices: A Delphi study

Garrett

Caulfield

Murdoch

et al. 2021

Health Social Care Comm

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Defining alternative health care and the recording of associated adverse events and harm remains problematic. This Canadian study aimed to establish and classify riskassociated alternative health practices in a Delphi study undertaken with an interdisciplinary panel of 17 health experts in 2020. It provides a new functional definition of alternative health care and an initial taxonomy of risk-associated alternative health care practices. A number of risk-associated practices were identified and categorized into general practices that conflict with biomedical care or largely untested therapies, alternative beliefs systems, physical manipulative alternative therapies, and herbal and nutritional supplements. Some risk significant harms including major physical injuries or even death. The lack of systematic methods for recording adverse events in alternative health care makes establishing the frequency of such events challenging. However, it is important that people engaging with alternative health care understand they are not necessarily risk-free endeavours, and what those risks are.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A taxonomy of risk‐associated alternative health practices: A Delphi study

Garrett

Caulfield

Murdoch

et al. 2021

Health Social Care Comm

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“…Essential oils were also mentioned as toxins by van Raamsdonk et al (2015), but although in pure from there is toxicity when ingested (Lee et al, 2020), in the meadow or in roughage no toxicity is reported.…”

Section: Plant Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic plants in grasslands in the Netherlands

Groot

2022

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“…In the US, 966 intoxication cases due to tea tree oil ingestion were recorded in 2006, most subjects being represented by children up to 6 years old [13]. In Australia, a recent study identified 1387 cases of essential oil poisoning between 2014 and 2018 [15]. The exposures were accidental or due to a confusion between liquid cough medicines and essential oils.…”

Section: Acute Intoxication With Essential Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Profile of Essential Oils

Voștinaru¹,

Hegheş²,

Filip³

2020

Essential Oils - Bioactive Compounds, New Perspectives and Applications

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Essential oils are complex mixtures of terpenes and phenylpropanoid compounds, present in multiple species of aromatic plants. They are extensively used in food and cosmetic industries in order to give flavor to food and drinks or as natural fragrances. Moreover, several compounds present in essential oils are important for the pharmaceutical industry due to their antioxidant, antimicrobial, anxiolytic or spasmolytic effects. Although many essential oils are generally recognized as safe, a series of adverse reactions have been reported after their use either by internal or external routes. The aim of this chapter is to increase the awareness of healthcare professionals concerning possible safety issues of essential oils. Common adverse effects of essential oils like sensitization and dermatitis but also more severe phenomena like neurotoxicity will be presented in detail, concerning their epidemiology, mechanism and clinical significance. A thorough understanding of the safety profile of essential oils is necessary for healthcare and food industry professionals in order to maximize their beneficial effects while minimizing the risk for the users.

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Essential oil exposures in Australia: analysis of cases reported to the NSW Poisons Information Centre

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

A taxonomy of risk‐associated alternative health practices: A Delphi study

A taxonomy of risk‐associated alternative health practices: A Delphi study

Toxic plants in grasslands in the Netherlands

Safety Profile of Essential Oils

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