Erythema chronicum migrans of Lyme disease

Berger, Bernard

doi:10.1001/archderm.120.8.1017

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In our study, almost every patient had noticed a tick bite, in comparison with other studies in which about every second patient noted the vector (13,24,(27)(28)(29). This is possibly due to increased awareness of Lyme borreliosis in the population as a result of extensive research on Lyme borreliosis conducted in the area since 1990, research often followed and reported by the media.…”

Section: Clinical Aspects and Laboratory Results According To Genospecontrasting

confidence: 51%

Erythema migrans nach Infektion durch Borrelia afzelii oder Borrelia garinii: Abhängigkeit des klinischen Erscheinungsbildes vom Geschlecht der Patienten

Bennet

Fraenkel

Garpmo

et al. 2006

Wien Klin Wochenschr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Clinical Aspects and Laboratory Results According To Genospecontrasting

confidence: 51%

Erythema migrans nach Infektion durch Borrelia afzelii oder Borrelia garinii: Abhängigkeit des klinischen Erscheinungsbildes vom Geschlecht der Patienten

Bennet

Fraenkel

Garpmo

et al. 2006

Wien Klin Wochenschr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…A skin lesion, erythema migrans, characterizes early Lyme disease (6). There is no evidence that B. burgdorferi produces collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase, or other enzymes that digest extracellular matrix components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isogenic Serotypes ofBorrelia turicataeShow Different Localization in the Brain and Skin of Mice

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (scid mice) and infected with the relapsing fever agent Borrelia turicatae develop manifestations that resemble those of disseminated Lyme disease. We have characterized two isogenic serotypes, A and B, which differ in their variable small proteins (Vsps) and disease manifestations. Serotype A but not serotype B was cultured from the brain during early infection, and serotype B caused more severe arthritis, myocarditis, and vestibular dysfunction than serotype A. Here we compared the localization and number of spirochetes and the severity of inflammation in scid mice, using immunostained and hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained coronal sections of decalcified heads. Spirochetes in the brain localized predominantly to the leptomeninges, and those in peripheral tissues localized mainly to the extracellular matrix. There were significantly more serotype A than B spirochetes in the leptomeninges and more serotype B than A spirochetes in the skin. The first tissue where spirochetes were observed outside the vasculature was the dura mater. Inflammation was more severe in the skin than in the brain. VspA, VspB, and the periplasmic flagellin protein were expressed in all tissues examined. These findings indicate that isogenic but antigenically distinct Borrelia serotypes can have marked differences in their localization in tissues.Relapsing fever is a disease of humans caused by several species of the genus Borrelia (3). During infection there may be several febrile periods and spirochetemia separated by periods of well-being. The disease is also notable for involvement of the nervous system; manifestations include encephalitis, meningitis, peripheral and cranial neuritis, myelitis, and neuropsychiatric disturbances (9). These bacteria persist in the host through antigenic variation of single surface lipoproteins of two types: variable small proteins (Vsps) of about 23 kDa, and variable large proteins (Vlps) of about 38 kDa. We found that mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (scid mice) infected with Borrelia turicatae, the agent of tick-borne relapsing fever in southwestern North America, develop manifestations that resemble those of disseminated Lyme disease (14). Two serotypes, A and B, differed in the Vsps they expressed and the disease they produced in mice. Overall, serotype B was more virulent than serotype A; it killed infant mice and caused severe arthritis, myocarditis, and vestibular dysfunction (14, 33). Serotype A, on the other hand, was more neurotropic: it infected the brain early in the infection, even though its density in the blood was 10-fold lower than that of serotype B.Serotype A is defined by the expression of VspA, and serotype B is defined by the expression of VspB. The silent and expressed genes for VspA and VspB have been cloned and characterized (13, 33). VspA and VspB are part of a larger family of proteins that includes the Vsps of Borrelia hermsii and the OspCs of the Lyme disease spirochetes B. burgdorferi, B.afzelii, and B. garinii. The sequence ...

show abstract

“…The localization of spirochetes in tissues has been documented using nonspecific silver impregnation techniques in the skin of patients with erythema chronicum migrans (Berger, 1984), in the skeletal muscle of patients with myositis (Reimers et al, 1993), and in the synovium of patients with Lyme arthritis (Johnston et al, 1985). All three genospecies of B. burgdorferi have been found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by PCR (Busch et al, 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of Borrelia Burgdorferi in the Nervous System and Other Organs in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Lyme Disease

Cadavid

O'Neill

Schaefer

et al. 2000

Laboratory Investigation

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY:Lyme borreliosis is caused by infection with the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Nonhuman primates inoculated with the N40 strain of B. burgdorferi develop infection of multiple tissues, including the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous system. In immunocompetent nonhuman primates, spirochetes are present in low numbers in tissues. For this reason, it has been difficult to study their localization and changes in expression of surface proteins. To further investigate this, we inoculated four immunosuppressed adult Macaca mulatta with 1 million spirochetes of the N40 strain of B. burgdorferi, and compared them with three infected immunocompetent animals and two uninfected controls. The brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, skeletal muscle, heart, and bladder were obtained at necropsy 4 months later. The spirochetal tissue load was first studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-ELISA of the outer surface protein A (ospA) gene. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the localization and numbers of spirochetes in tissues and the expression of spirochetal proteins and to characterize the inflammatory response. Hematoxylin and eosin and trichrome stains were used to study inflammation and tissue injury. The results showed that the number of spirochetes was significantly higher in immunosuppressed animals. B. burgdorferi in the CNS localized to the leptomeninges, nerve roots, and dorsal root ganglia, but not to the parenchyma. Outside of the CNS, B. burgdorferi localized to endoneurium and to connective tissues of peripheral nerves, skeletal muscle, heart, aorta, and bladder. Although ospA, ospB, ospC, and flagellin were present at the time of inoculation, only flagellin was expressed by spirochetes in tissues 4 months later. Significant inflammation occurred only in the heart, and only immunosuppressed animals had cardiac fiber degeneration and necrosis. Plasma cells were abundant in inflammatory foci of steroid-treated animals. We concluded that B. burgdorferi has a tropism for the meninges in the CNS and for connective tissues elsewhere in the body. (Lab Invest 2000, 80:1043-1054.

show abstract

Erythema chronicum migrans of Lyme disease

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Erythema migrans nach Infektion durch Borrelia afzelii oder Borrelia garinii: Abhängigkeit des klinischen Erscheinungsbildes vom Geschlecht der Patienten

Erythema migrans nach Infektion durch Borrelia afzelii oder Borrelia garinii: Abhängigkeit des klinischen Erscheinungsbildes vom Geschlecht der Patienten

Isogenic Serotypes ofBorrelia turicataeShow Different Localization in the Brain and Skin of Mice

Localization of Borrelia Burgdorferi in the Nervous System and Other Organs in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Lyme Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About