EPPO Datasheet: Gymnandrosoma aurantianum

Abstract

In addition to the name Gymnandrosoma aurantianum, the synonyms Ecdytolopha aurantianum and E. torticornis are widely used in the literature (EPPO, 2020). Morphological and host differences were observed between the specimens in Costa Rica (E. torticornis) and G. aurantianum in other parts of its range. For example, the pest has only been reported infesting macadamia in Costa Rica, despite the fact that other known hosts are present in areas where the pest occurs (Blanco-Metzler, 1994; Blanco-Metzler, pers. comm. 2019). It is not known if these differences are biological and ecological or relate to the existence of a complex of species (EPPO, 2020). To date (2021-11), E. torticornis is treated as a synonym of G. aurantianum, as formalized in Adamski and Brown (2001). | HO ST SGymnandrosoma aurantianum has been recorded on a wide range of woody or herbaceous fruit plants, cultivated or in the wild, from various families. Many Citrus species are confirmed hosts. When impact is mentioned in the recent literature, it relates mainly to orange (Citrus sinensis), mandarin (Citrus reticulata), macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia), cocoa (Theobroma cacao) and sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis). It is worth noting that some hosts are only recorded in older literature and do not appear in recent literature on outbreaks (EPPO, 2020).Several authors make the hypothesis that G. aurantianum has passed from native hosts to exotic cultivated hosts, such as macadamia in Costa Rica (Blanco-Metzler, 1994). Owing to the wide host range of G. aurantianum and the fact that it has passed on to new hosts in the Americas, it is not excluded that it may be able to attack other fruit plants if the fruit is suitable for its development, including Citrus species that are currently not recorded as hosts (EPPO, 2020).