2013
DOI: 10.1038/nn.3319
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Epigenetic control of female puberty

Abstract: The timing of puberty is controlled by many genes. The elements coordinating this process have not, however, been identified. Here we show that an epigenetic mechanism of transcriptional repression times the initiation of female puberty in rats. We identify silencers of the Polycomb group (PcG) as major contributors to this mechanism, and show that PcG proteins repress Kiss1, a puberty-activating gene. Hypothalamic expression of two key PcG genes, Eed and Cbx7, decreases and methylation of their promoters incr… Show more

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Cited by 276 publications
(327 citation statements)
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“…In females, that same autonomously active apparatus may later serve an additional purpose, for example, a neuroendocrine trophic function on reproductive target tissues 34,35 , before being silenced until the first parturition. This silencing, which currently receives no explanation, is also a feature of the developing gonadotropic axis 36,37 , the other component of the typically phasic reproductive function in the female sex. Presumably, this silencing may coincide with the reception of all of the developing afferents 38 that will integrate hormonal and sensory stimuli 39 to initiate appropriate activity to meet the specific physiological needs of labour and suckling.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In females, that same autonomously active apparatus may later serve an additional purpose, for example, a neuroendocrine trophic function on reproductive target tissues 34,35 , before being silenced until the first parturition. This silencing, which currently receives no explanation, is also a feature of the developing gonadotropic axis 36,37 , the other component of the typically phasic reproductive function in the female sex. Presumably, this silencing may coincide with the reception of all of the developing afferents 38 that will integrate hormonal and sensory stimuli 39 to initiate appropriate activity to meet the specific physiological needs of labour and suckling.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A leading factor in that process is Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) that is released by median eminence terminals of peptidergic neurons in a pulsatile manner showing increased frequency and amplitude at the onset of puberty (Grumbach, 2002;Terasawa and Fernandez, 2001;Plant, 2008;Lomniczi et al, 2013;Ojeda and Lomniczi, 2014). This event occurs at a time in life that varies both among species and within a single species.…”
Section: Pubertal Timing and Preceding Life Periods Across Speciesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A metilação do MKRN3 e de outros genes imprintados localizados na região crítica da SPW/SA no cromossomo 15 estão sob regulação de um centro de imprinting (CI) que é subdividido em duas partes, o CI-SPW e o CI-SA, relacionados à SPW e SA, respectivamente 78 A participação de um mecanismo de regulação epigenética na determinação do início da puberdade foi sugerida também por Lominiczi et al 88 . Em 2013, esses autores identificaram um complexo proteico de silenciamento transcricional conhecido como Polycomb, que reprime a expressão do Kiss1 no núcleo arqueado do hipotálamo de ratas pela ação de dois genes principais, Eed e Cbx7.…”
Section: Puberdade Precoce Centralunclassified
“…Em 2013, esses autores identificaram um complexo proteico de silenciamento transcricional conhecido como Polycomb, que reprime a expressão do Kiss1 no núcleo arqueado do hipotálamo de ratas pela ação de dois genes principais, Eed e Cbx7. A expressão hipotalâmica dos genes Eed e Cbx7 diminui antes do início da puberdade, e esta alteração está relacionada a um aumento da metilação do promotor desses genes, resultando no aumento da transcrição do Kiss1, um dos principais estimuladores da secreção de GnRH 88 . A participação desse mecanismo repressor de regulação epigenética no controle neuroendócrino da puberdade fornece um nova visão sobre o início da puberdade em mamíferos 88 .…”
Section: Puberdade Precoce Centralunclassified
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