American Heart Journal

2004

DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2004.05.048

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Epidemiology of mitral annular calcification and its predictive value for coronary events in African Americans: The Jackson Cohort of the Atherosclerotic Risk in Communities Study

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Herman A. Taylor

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et al.

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Cited by 63 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…4,11,12 Serum phosphate as a cardiovascular risk factor for increased mortality in CKD patients particularly in dialysis patients. 13 For every 0.5mg/dl increase in serum phosphate, the risk of cardiac valvular calcification increases by 3.6 times in the present study suggesting that there is a significant role of serum phosphate correlation with cardiac valvular calcification in chronic kidney disease in agreement with previous literatures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A study on prevalence of cardiac valvular calcification and its correlation with serum phosphate levels in chronic kidney disease

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2018

Int J Adv Med

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Background: Higher cardiovascular morbidity found to be more in early stages of chronic kidney disease patients. Present study was done to study the prevalence of cardiac valvular calcification correlated with serum phosphate levels in chronic kidney disease.Methods: A total of 153 (78 chronic kidney disease patients, 75 controls with age and sex matched) coming to ESIC Hospital, Chennai were utilized to conduct the present study. Patients of stages 3 to 5 with matched controls of age and sex were considered for this study. Cases were classified in to different stages of chronic kidney disease based on estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate which was calculated using Cockcroft-Gault equation using age, body weight, and serum creatinine. The blood samples of patients belonging to both the groups were tested for serum creatinine and serum phosphate. The Echocardiogram was done for the patient with chronic kidney disease to assess cardiac valvular calcification.Results: 51% of the subjects in the study group were detected as having chronic kidney disease in ultrasonogram. 20% of the patients in the study group were having coronary artery disease compared to 4% in the control group. Mean serum phosphate levels between subjects with Valvular calcification in chronic kidney disease and without calcification was statistically significant among the study group was noted in the present study.Conclusions: Elevated levels of serum phosphate correlated with cardiac valvular calcification showed significant role in chronic kidney disease.

“…4,11,12 Serum phosphate as a cardiovascular risk factor for increased mortality in CKD patients particularly in dialysis patients. 13 For every 0.5mg/dl increase in serum phosphate, the risk of cardiac valvular calcification increases by 3.6 times in the present study suggesting that there is a significant role of serum phosphate correlation with cardiac valvular calcification in chronic kidney disease in agreement with previous literatures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A study on prevalence of cardiac valvular calcification and its correlation with serum phosphate levels in chronic kidney disease

¹

,

²

2018

Int J Adv Med

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Background: Higher cardiovascular morbidity found to be more in early stages of chronic kidney disease patients. Present study was done to study the prevalence of cardiac valvular calcification correlated with serum phosphate levels in chronic kidney disease.Methods: A total of 153 (78 chronic kidney disease patients, 75 controls with age and sex matched) coming to ESIC Hospital, Chennai were utilized to conduct the present study. Patients of stages 3 to 5 with matched controls of age and sex were considered for this study. Cases were classified in to different stages of chronic kidney disease based on estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate which was calculated using Cockcroft-Gault equation using age, body weight, and serum creatinine. The blood samples of patients belonging to both the groups were tested for serum creatinine and serum phosphate. The Echocardiogram was done for the patient with chronic kidney disease to assess cardiac valvular calcification.Results: 51% of the subjects in the study group were detected as having chronic kidney disease in ultrasonogram. 20% of the patients in the study group were having coronary artery disease compared to 4% in the control group. Mean serum phosphate levels between subjects with Valvular calcification in chronic kidney disease and without calcification was statistically significant among the study group was noted in the present study.Conclusions: Elevated levels of serum phosphate correlated with cardiac valvular calcification showed significant role in chronic kidney disease.

“…A previous study from the Jackson cohort of the ARIC Study noted an unadjusted association between elevated serum creatinine and MAC (32); however, the data were not adjusted for age, gender, cardiovascular disease, or vascular risk factors. Indeed, MAC has been reported to be more prevalent among patients who were on dialysis (5-10), but our data suggest that this relation precedes the onset of ESRD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Cross-Sectional Association of Kidney Function with Valvular and Annular Calcification

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et al. 2006

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Valvular calcification is common in the setting of end-stage kidney disease and is associated with increased risks for cardiovascular disease events. It is unknown whether the prevalence of valvular calcification is increased in milder kidney disease after accounting for cardiovascular risk factors. Participants who attended the sixth examination of the Framingham Offspring Study (1995 to 1998) were eligible. Kidney function was estimated by GFR using the simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation. Mitral annular calcification (MAC), aortic sclerosis, and aortic annular calcification were assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography. Logistic regression was used to examine the odds of valvular calcification among participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD; GFR < 60 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 ). A total of 3047 participants (52% women; mean age 59 ؎ 10 yr) were available for analysis. CKD was present in 8.6% (n ‫؍‬ 262) of the sample. Among participants with valve/annular calcification (n ‫؍‬ 284; 9.3%), 20% had CKD, compared with 7% in patients without valvular calcification. After adjustment for age, gender, systolic and diastolic BP, hypertension treatment, total/HDL cholesterol, body mass index, diabetes, smoking status, and cardiovascular disease, participants with CKD had a 60% increased odds of MAC (odds ratio 1.6; 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 2.5). There was no significant association between CKD and either aortic sclerosis or aortic annular calcification (odds ratio 1.1 and 1.1, respectively). After age and gender adjustment, the combination of both CKD and MAC was associated with a three-fold increased risk for death compared with those with neither condition (P ‫؍‬ 0.0004). In the community, CKD is associated with presence of MAC before the onset of ESRD. Further research is warranted to understand whether traditional and novel vascular risk factor burden, as well as metabolic derangements found in early kidney disease, can account for the CKD-MAC association.

“…From population-based studies, the overall prevalence of AAC and MAC has been reported to be 28% and 13%, respectively. 14,21 The prevalence of the latter ranges from 4.6% to 15.8% in different genders and races, 22,23 up to 35% in symptomatic populations 24 and 36% in those with end-stage renal disease. 14 Notably, in the Framingham Heart Study, MAC was never found in those under the age of 40 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 In a study limited to blacks, the HR associated with prevalent MAC was 2.32 for incident CHD events (defined as fatal coronary event, hospitalized myocardial infarction, or cardiac procedure). 23 The available literature on the clinical relevance of AAC is much less than for MAC. Jeon et al 41 found that hypertension was a significant risk factor for AAC, and individuals with calcification in multiple valve areas (including the AAC) had an increased risk for an abnormal myocardial perfusion scan with single photon emission computed tomography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitral and Aortic Annular Calcification Are Highly Associated With Systemic Calcified Atherosclerosis

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et al. 2006

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Background-Atherosclerosis has been implicated as a cause of valvular calcification. The aim of this study was to determine whether atherosclerotic calcification in multiple vascular areas is significantly associated with aortic or mitral annular calcification independent of traditional risk factors. Methods and Results-A total of 1242 consecutive asymptomatic patients free of clinical coronary heart disease were studied by electron-beam computed tomography for the extent of calcium due to atherosclerosis in 5 distinct vascular beds and calcium in the aortic and mitral annuli. Nearly 24% had calcium in the aortic annulus, whereas 8% were found to have mitral annular calcification. Age and a history of hypertension were the only traditional cardiovascular risk factors that were independently associated with prevalent calcification in the aortic and mitral annuli. After adjustment for age, gender, and cardiovascular disease risk factors, subjects with calcium in the thoracic aorta had the highest odds for the presence of aortic annular calcium (ORϭ3.9, PϽ0.01), whereas those with calcium in the abdominal aorta had the highest odds for mitral annular calcification (ORϭ5.1, Pϭ0.01). Standardized increases in calcium in the abdominal aorta (ORϭ2.0, PϽ0.01) and iliacs (ORϭ1.8, Pϭ0.01) were significantly associated with calcium in the aortic annulus after adjustment for the extent of calcium in the other vascular beds, whereas the thoracic aorta was significantly associated (ORϭ1.4, Pϭ0.02) with calcium in the mitral annulus. Conclusions-This

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