Epidemiology, molecular virology and diagnostics of Schmallenberg virus, an emerging orthobunyavirus in Europe

Doceul, Virginie; Lara, Estelle; Sailleau, Corinne; Belbis, Guillaume; Richardson, Jennifer; Bréard, Emmanuel; Viarouge, Cyril; Dominguez, Morgane; Hendrikx, Pascal; Calavas, Didier; Desprat, Alexandra; Languille, Jérôme; Comtet, Loïc; Pourquier, Philippe; Eléouët, Jean François; Delmas, Bernard; Marianneau, Philippe; Vitour, Damien; Zientara, Stéphan

doi:10.1186/1297-9716-44-31

Cited by 87 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Hyperthermia and drop in milk production were reported in adult dairy cows in north-west Germany and the Netherlands, and in some cases, transient diarrhoea was also recorded in the Netherlands [2]. Farmers and veterinarians in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, and in the Netherlands reported an unidentified disease in dairy cattle with a short period of clear clinical signs to the animal health services, local diagnostic laboratories and national research institutes [1].…”

Section: The Origin Of Schmallenberg Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Emergence of Schmallenberg Virus Part 1: Origin, Transmission and Differential Diagnosis

Esteves¹,

Mesquita²,

Nóbrega³

et al. 2016

Epidemiology of Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases - Attributes of Lifestyle and Nature on Humankind

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Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is a novel Orthobunyavirus causing mild clinical signs in cows and malformations in aborted and neonatal ruminants in Europe. SBV belongs to the family Bunyaviridae and is transmitted by biting midges. This new virus was identified for the first time in the blood samples of cows in the city of Schmallenberg in NorthRhine-Westphalia in November 2011. Since then the virus spread to several European countries. Here we describe the origin and emergence, as well as the transmission and the differential diagnosis of this virus, now known to be a serious threat to Veterinary Public Health.

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Section: The Origin Of Schmallenberg Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Emergence of Schmallenberg Virus Part 1: Origin, Transmission and Differential Diagnosis

Esteves¹,

Mesquita²,

Nóbrega³

et al. 2016

Epidemiology of Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases - Attributes of Lifestyle and Nature on Humankind

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“…The acute disease in pregnant females was followed by an epidemic of stillbirths and congenital malformations, suggesting an infection in the uterus that affects the fetus in the different stages of the gestational process. In sheep and goats, this virus causes congenital malformations in the fetuses of infected females (Doceul et al 2013). Several studies have demonstrated that natural or experimentally induced antibodies can survive for over a year in ruminants, and this humoral immunity protects the animal against clinical signs, RNAemia and virus replication in target organs upon reinfection for at least 15 months (Poskin et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The foregoing is due to the inhibitory effects of semen components on PCR results, which was found critical for reliable detection of SBV RNA in bovine semen (Schulz et al 2015). As of 2015, "the dynamics, clinical importance, and duration of SBV RNA excretion in semen from bulls after SBV infection remain unknown" (Schulz et al 2015); however, considering the scientific evidence about the presence of this virus in semen in bulls in the EU nations (Hoffmann, Schulz & Beer 2013;Schulz et al 2015), many other countries outside the EU have imposed restrictions on the import of live animals and products from the EU such as semen and embryos (Doceul et al 2013;Hoffmann, Schulz & Beer 2013). …”

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confidence: 99%

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Ausencia de Anticuerpos IgG al virus de Schmallenberg en sueros de rumiantes (bovino, caprinos y ovinos) colectados en Costa Rica entre 2012 y 2014.

Villegas-Salas¹,

Alvarado

Trejos-Araya

et al. 2017

Ciencias Veterinarias

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Absence of IgG antibodies against Schmallenberg virus in ruminant sera (bovine, goat and sheep) Abstract Schmallenberg virus affects ruminants, which causes significant economic losses. The virus is transmitted through vectors of the genus Culicoides; however, other studies do not rule out the possibility of sexual transmission due to its presence in semen. For this reason, the National Service of Animal Health of Costa Rica (SENASA) imposed restrictions on the import of semen from animals from the European Union in 2013. Consequently, SENASA conducted a study to determine the presence or absence of antibodies against this virus in bovine, ovine and caprine samples. As a result, no antibodies against this virus were detected in the 748 samples tested. It was concluded that Schmallenberg virus was not circulating in Costa Rican ruminants during the tested period.Keywords: Ruminants, SENASA, Schmallenberg virus, Costa Rica, serology. ResumenEl virus de Schmallenberg afecta a rumiantes produciendo pérdidas económicas importantes, el cual se transmite a través de artrópodos del género Culicoides, sin embargo, no se descarta la posibilidad de transmisión sexual debido a la presencia del virus en semen, razón por la cual, el Servicio Nacional de Salud Animal de Costa Rica (SENASA), estableció restricciones a la importación de semen de rumiantes procedentes de la Unión Europea en el 2013. En consecuencia, el SENASA realizó un estudio para determinar la presencia o ausencia de anticuerpos contra este virus en muestras de bovinos, ovinos y caprinos. Como resultado de este estudio no se encontró la presencia anticuerpos contra el virus de Schmallenberg en ninguna de las 748 muestras evaluadas, por lo que se concluye que este virus no está circulando en los rumiantes de Costa Rica.Palabras claves: Rumiantes, SENASA, virus Schmallenberg, Costa Rica, serología.Rev. Ciencias Veterinarias, Vol. 35, N° 2,[103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112] IntroductionReports of emerging and re-remerging viral diseases have increased over the last decade. Some of these etiological agents produce diseases that concern health authorities and professionals worldwide because of the unpredictable effects and impact of these agents (Ruiz-Fons 2012).Diseases transmitted by arthropods that affect human and animal populations are causing serious local and international health problems, especially in underdeveloped countries. Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is a clear example of these emerging diseases (Alarcón-Elbal & Lucientes 2012). This epizootic disease began in the summer of 2011 in northwestern Germany and the eastern region of the Netherlands. In October 2011, the virus was identified by researchers of the Friedrich Loeffler Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health in Germany (Bilk et al. 2012). Schmallenberg disease was characterized by clinical signs such as fever, diarrhea, and decreased milk production (Gariglinany et al. 2012). The acute disease in pregnant females was followed by an epidemic of stillbirths an...

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“…In numerous parts of the world, there have been several recent reports of disease outbreaks associated with insecttransmitted viruses, or arboviruses (Doceul et al, 2013;MacLachlan & Guthrie, 2010;Weaver & Reisen, 2010). The 2006 outbreak of a 'bluetongue-like' disease in Israeli dairy herds is an example that also had significant economic consequences on the dairy industry (Kedmi et al, 2010b;Yadin et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus strains isolated from cattle in Israel

Wilson

Ruder

Klement

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

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Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV), a member of the genus Orbivirus not reported previously in Israel, was isolated from Israeli cattle during a 'bluetongue-like' disease outbreak in 2006. To ascertain the origin of this new virus, three isolates from the outbreak were fully sequenced and compared with available sequences. Whilst the L2 gene segment clustered with the Australian EHDV serotype 7 (EHDV-7) reference strain, most of the other segments were clustered with EHDV isolates of African/Middle East origin, specifically Bahrain, Nigeria and South Africa. The M6 gene had genetic relatedness to the Australian/Asian strains, but with the limited data available the significance of this relationship is unclear. Only one EHDV-7 L2 sequence was available, and as this gene encodes the serotype-specific epitope, the relationship of these EHDV-7 L2 genes to an Australian EHDV-7 reflects the serotype association, not necessarily the origin. The genetic data indicated that the strains affecting Israel in 2006 may have been related to similar outbreaks that occurred in North Africa in the same year. This finding also supports the hypothesis that EHDV entered Israel during 2006 and was not present there before this outbreak.

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Epidemiology, molecular virology and diagnostics of Schmallenberg virus, an emerging orthobunyavirus in Europe

Cited by 87 publications

References 94 publications

Epidemiology and Emergence of Schmallenberg Virus Part 1: Origin, Transmission and Differential Diagnosis

Epidemiology and Emergence of Schmallenberg Virus Part 1: Origin, Transmission and Differential Diagnosis

Ausencia de Anticuerpos IgG al virus de Schmallenberg en sueros de rumiantes (bovino, caprinos y ovinos) colectados en Costa Rica entre 2012 y 2014.

Genetic characterization of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus strains isolated from cattle in Israel

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