Epidemiological Study On the Prevalence of Road Traffic Accident and Associated Risk Factors Among Drivers in Bauchi State, Nigeria

Abstract

1.1. Background: Worldwide Road traffic accident (RTA) is a huge public health and development problems killing nearly 1.2 million people a year and injuring or disabling between 20-50 million people worldwide; thus making the loss of US 518 billion dollars globally. According to World Health Organization, every day more than 3000 people die from road traffic accidents. Developing countries account for 90% of global road traffic deaths. Road traffic accidents are being the critical public health problem that causes disabilities and death in Nigeria which could need due investigations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the Prevalence of Road Traffic Accident and Associated Risk Factors among Drivers in Bauchi State, Nigeria.1.2. Methods: cross-sectional study design was conducted among drivers in Bauchi State, Nigeria from December, 2020 to January, 2021. Data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was performed to obtain the frequency distribution of the variables. Results:The result shows that 300 participants responded to the questionnaire. The overall road traffic accident prevalence was 115 (38.3%). Conclusion:The prevalence of road traffic accident revealed in this study is of public health significance. RTA-related causalities are extremely high in Nigeria. Male young adults and vulnerable road users are at increased risk of RTA. The most perceived cause of road traffic accidents mentioned was an overcrowded road which is shared by drivers, pedestrians, and animals. There-fore, there is an urgent need for bringing road safety to the country's public health agenda. AIDS, tuberculosis and diarrhoeal diseases [9] and the deaths due to RTAs are predicted to become the fifth-leading cause of death

Road traffic accidents and the contributing factors among drivers of public transportation in Mizan Aman town, Ethiopia: a Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

“…Previous studies addressed the prevalence of RTA among victims through a retrospective study design, which could not give significant information to decision-makers due to the design itself ( 45 ). In addition, pieces of evidence from quantitative studies revealed the prevalence of RTA ( 23 , 28 , 31 , 33–36 , 40 , 46 ); in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area, there is a paucity of information regarding the contributing factors among drivers of public transportation to the occurrence of traffic accidents on the roads and public health concerns. Moreover, little was known about the prevalence of traffic accidents on the roads and the contributing factors among drivers of public transportation with a community-based cross-sectional study design.…”

“…According to a systematic research by Khatib et al, the frequency of traffic accidents resulting in injury or death varied between 11.1 and 42.6% for individuals in the 20–30 age group and between 4.6 and 97.2% for male subjects ( 22 ). Furthermore, a study conducted in Nigeria (38.3 and 35.3%) ( 23 , 24 ), Vietnam (20%) ( 25 ), and Saudi Arabia (63%) ( 26 ) revealed the prevalence of RTA. Furthermore, in the national context, different studies have revealed repeated occurrences of RTA with different magnitudes.…”

“…Pieces of evidence from the scientific community suggest that different contributing factors play an important role in the occurrence of RTA, which include sociodemographic characteristics and driver factors such as sex ( 23 ), age ( 1 , 24 , 27 , 28 ), educational status ( 8 , 24 ), prior punishment ( 28 , 36 ), place of residence ( 15 , 28 ), income status ( 8 , 15 ), use of alcohol and khat ( 8 , 24 , 37 , 38 ), personality of the driver ( 28 ), use of safety seatbelts ( 39 ), and traffic infringement ( 40 ). Stress-related working conditions (work stress, social support, and effort or reward imbalance) are relevant predictors of risky driving ( 41 ).…”

Time series based road traffic accidents forecasting via SARIMA and Facebook Prophet model with potential changepoints

“…75% of road traffic deaths came about because vehicles collided with each other in low-earning income countries despite owning only 32% of yearly fatalities for every 10,000 cars around the world, making this claim unbelievable. Globally, an estimated cost of US$ 518 billion is spent on RTAs [36] . The share of the developing countries is about US $100 billion, representing 1 to 3 per cent of their gross national product [37] .…”

Determining the Relative Risk of Smoking and Physical Inactivity in Developing Osteopenia and Osteoporosis

“…According to a survey conducted in 204 countries, it has been found that 1.1 to 1.3 billion people smoke globally. The smoking addiction rate is very high and smoking cessation and preventive programs are not greatly effective 11 . Studies have revealed that cigarette smoking directly and indirectly impaired bone mineral density.…”