Epidemiological Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Neyshabur County, East of Iran (2011-2017)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) isn’t a deadly disease, but it has always been taken into consideration due to the long-term involvement of patients with skin. Various factors can play an intervening role in increasing the rate of disease. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of disease from 2011-2017 and provide appropriate control strategies for reducing its incidence in Neyshabur county.
 METHODS: All patients with CL, who had medical records in the health centres of Neyshabur from 2011 to 2017, were examined for conducting this analytical-descriptive study. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and chi-square test at a significant level of 0.95 using SPSS V22.
 RESULTS: Findings indicated that the highest annual incidence was in 2016 (229 patients), and the least incidence was in 2014 (100 patients). The majority of patients were under 10 years of age and 51.7% of patients were male. About 59.5% of patients were living in cities and 35% of them were living in North of Neyshabur city. Hands were the most affected part of the body (56.0%) followed by trunk (1.3%). Most patients (69.9%) were treated with topical regimens.
 CONCLUSION: This study showed that CL was hypo-endemic in Neyshabur. Also, the disease was more prevalent in urban areas. Therefore, appropriate health measures to improve environmental conditions, public health educations, and the public awareness of the positive impact of early diagnosis of disease in the success of treatment (especially for inhabitance suburbanite) are essential.

Trend, Incidence, Distribution, and Other Epidemiological Aspects of Coetaneous Leishmaniosis in Ilam Province-Iran during 2014 to 2017

“…The results of this study showed that the highest incidence of CL in Ilam province occurred in 2014 (269.6 per 100,000 populations), and the number of infected cases gradually decreased to 133.4 per 100,000 populations in 2017. The downward was shown in previous studies (4,6). The downward trend possibly will be due to interventional measures, such as rodent elimination, general education, or reduction of the population susceptible to Leishmaniasis.…”

“…The prevalence of Leishmaniasis in Iran is increasing, and annually, the cases of the disease are reported from different parts of the country; main focal regions of wet-type leishmaniasis involve villages of Isfahan, Khuzestan, Ilam, and northeast of Iran while main focal regions of dry-type leishmaniasis involve some big and small cities, such as Mashhad, Tehran, Shiraz, Kerman, Bam, Yazd, and Neyshabur (4,5). According to official reports from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, the average incidence rate of CL is usually between 20 to 40 per 100,000 populations, and average more than 150 cases per 100,000 population was reported in endemic areas, including Yazd, Semnan, Fars, Ilam, Khuzestan and Isfahan (6).…”

Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: A review of epidemiological aspects, with emphasis on molecular findings

“…In Khorasan Razavi province in northeast Iran, CL is prevalent in Torghabeh–Shandiz, Sarakhs, Daregaz, and Neyshabur cities and children in these areas are affected with the disease [ 71 , 130 ]. In Khorasan Razavi, Sabzevar city, children below the age of 4 years in rural areas were demonstrated to have a greater incidence of CL [ 151 ].…”

Spatial-time Visualization of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in an Urban Area: Informing Health Policy and Practice

“…Some socio-epidemiological risk factors were identi ed for high incidence in this region, which include density of population, stray dogs, and some cultural and economic factors (13). Some studies also revealed a high frequency of CL in the cities of Neishabour (50) and Torghabeh-Shandiz (16). Both of these cities are located to the west of Mashhad, and these results reinforce the ndings of the present study.…”