Epidemic Optic Neuropathy in Cuba

Epidemic optic neuropathy in primary school children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

“…This is a more stringent definition than that used in Cuba 4. Thus, cases of bilateral optic neuropathy with visual acuity of 6/6 or better in both eyes and cases with normal colour vision would not have been detected in the present study.…”

Epidemic optic neuropathy in primary school children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

“…This is a more stringent definition than that used in Cuba 4. Thus, cases of bilateral optic neuropathy with visual acuity of 6/6 or better in both eyes and cases with normal colour vision would not have been detected in the present study.…”

Tobacco-Alcohol Amblyopia: Combined Toxic and Nutritional Optic Neuropathy

“…The average visual acuity recovered from 6/120 (20/400) to 6/15 (20/50) and average color vision improved from 2/8 to 7/8 using American Optical Color test plates. 15 The CEON is an example of multifactorial pathogenesis for optic neuropathy consisting of both toxic and nutritional factors. 1 Hsu et al8 discussed a unique case where folic acid deficiency appeared to be the sole cause of optic neuropathy.…”

Epidemic Optic Neuropathy Is Evident in the Somalian Population

“…This is in contrast to the Cuban epidemic in which smoking was an important risk factor for optic neuropathy (7,8). In Cuba, the underlying mechanism was thought to involve inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation due to a combination of the following: 1) cyanide from tobacco smoking and/or cassava consumption; 2) formate accumulation due to methanol consumption; and 3) B-vitamin deficiency affecting the detoxification of endogenous formate (8,15). This combination of factors would lead to inhibition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, on which neuronal activity is dependent.…”

“…Our data support the hypothesis that the clinical syndrome in Somalia and Tanzania is the same entity. Given their similarity to the Cuban epidemic (7,8), and their shared clinical features with Leber herditary optic neuropathy (14), it seems likely that both the Somalian and Tanzanian optic neuropathies are disorders resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction. This has already been proposed for the Cuban epidemic (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Epidemic optic neuropathy in primary school children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

“…This is a more stringent definition than that used in Cuba 4. Thus, cases of bilateral optic neuropathy with visual acuity of 6/6 or better in both eyes and cases with normal colour vision would not have been detected in the present study.…”

Tobacco-Alcohol Amblyopia: Combined Toxic and Nutritional Optic Neuropathy

“…The average visual acuity recovered from 6/120 (20/400) to 6/15 (20/50) and average color vision improved from 2/8 to 7/8 using American Optical Color test plates. 15 The CEON is an example of multifactorial pathogenesis for optic neuropathy consisting of both toxic and nutritional factors. 1 Hsu et al8 discussed a unique case where folic acid deficiency appeared to be the sole cause of optic neuropathy.…”

Epidemic Optic Neuropathy Is Evident in the Somalian Population

“…This is in contrast to the Cuban epidemic in which smoking was an important risk factor for optic neuropathy (7,8). In Cuba, the underlying mechanism was thought to involve inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation due to a combination of the following: 1) cyanide from tobacco smoking and/or cassava consumption; 2) formate accumulation due to methanol consumption; and 3) B-vitamin deficiency affecting the detoxification of endogenous formate (8,15). This combination of factors would lead to inhibition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, on which neuronal activity is dependent.…”

“…Our data support the hypothesis that the clinical syndrome in Somalia and Tanzania is the same entity. Given their similarity to the Cuban epidemic (7,8), and their shared clinical features with Leber herditary optic neuropathy (14), it seems likely that both the Somalian and Tanzanian optic neuropathies are disorders resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction. This has already been proposed for the Cuban epidemic (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Epidemic optic neuropathy in primary school children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

“…This is a more stringent definition than that used in Cuba 4. Thus, cases of bilateral optic neuropathy with visual acuity of 6/6 or better in both eyes and cases with normal colour vision would not have been detected in the present study.…”

Tobacco-Alcohol Amblyopia: Combined Toxic and Nutritional Optic Neuropathy

“…The average visual acuity recovered from 6/120 (20/400) to 6/15 (20/50) and average color vision improved from 2/8 to 7/8 using American Optical Color test plates. 15 The CEON is an example of multifactorial pathogenesis for optic neuropathy consisting of both toxic and nutritional factors. 1 Hsu et al8 discussed a unique case where folic acid deficiency appeared to be the sole cause of optic neuropathy.…”

Epidemic Optic Neuropathy Is Evident in the Somalian Population

“…This is in contrast to the Cuban epidemic in which smoking was an important risk factor for optic neuropathy (7,8). In Cuba, the underlying mechanism was thought to involve inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation due to a combination of the following: 1) cyanide from tobacco smoking and/or cassava consumption; 2) formate accumulation due to methanol consumption; and 3) B-vitamin deficiency affecting the detoxification of endogenous formate (8,15). This combination of factors would lead to inhibition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, on which neuronal activity is dependent.…”

“…Our data support the hypothesis that the clinical syndrome in Somalia and Tanzania is the same entity. Given their similarity to the Cuban epidemic (7,8), and their shared clinical features with Leber herditary optic neuropathy (14), it seems likely that both the Somalian and Tanzanian optic neuropathies are disorders resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction. This has already been proposed for the Cuban epidemic (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”