Epidemic of end-stage renal disease in people with diabetes in the United States population: Do we know the cause?

Jones, Camille A.; Królewski, Andrzej S.; Rogus, John; Xue, Jay L.; Collins, A. Bernard; Warram, James H.

doi:10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00265.x

Cited by 196 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4] In contrast, the contribution of sex to diabetic renal disease is poorly understood. The existing data are contradictory: studies report that diabetic females progress either at a faster rate [6][7][8][9][10] or a slower rate [13][14][15][16] than age-matched diabetic men, or that there are no sex differences in the rate of progression. 11,12 This lack of conclusive data on the effects of sex on diabetic renal disease reflects the fact that few studies have addressed this issue and that the studies that did were limited by differences in study populations and methodology and by not specifically addressing factors such as age, hormonal status, duration and type of diabetes, ethnicity, demographic characteristics, blood pressure, blood glucose control, or antihypertensive therapy.…”

Section: Renal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in the setting of diabetes mellitus (DM), this sex difference in the incidence and progression of renal disease has not been fully established. Whereas some studies report that male sex is a risk factor for the development and progression of renal disease in diabetes, [6][7][8][9][10] others indicate no sex differences 11,12 or even increased risk in women. [13][14][15][16] The reasons for these contradictory reports are numerous, including different patient populations studied, different study designs, and inadequate analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estrogens and the diabetic kidney

Maric

Sullivan

2008

Gender Medicine

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Section: Renal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogens and the diabetic kidney

Maric

Sullivan

2008

Gender Medicine

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“…Vascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) are categorized as either microvascular complications, such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy or macrovascular complications, including diabetic cardiovascular complications (1)(2)(3). Global burden of high prevalence diabetes are worldwide own to cardiovascular interventions and renal failure therapy (1).…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Diabetic Vascular Complications

Ahmadzadeh-Amiri

2016

J Pediatr Rev

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Diabetic vascular complications (DVC) influence several vital organ systems including cardiovascular, renal, ocular and nervous systems making it a major public health problem. Although extensive researches were performed in this field, the exact mechanisms responsible for these organ damages in diabetes remain obscure. Several metabolic disturbances have been involved in its complication and change in genes associated with these pathways occurred. Gene expression to produce a biologically active protein can be controlled by transcriptional and translational alteration on the head of genes without change in nucleotide composition. These epigenetic adjustments are steady, but possibly reversible and can be transmitted to future generation. Gene expression can be regulated by three epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications and noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) activity. Epigenetic studies must be directed to better realize the role of epigenetic changes to the etiology of DVC and knowledge of epigenetic would play a pivotal role in the application of individualized medicine. Application and development of high technology sequencing combined with more sensitive and advanced methodologies for epigenome studying help to determine specific epigenetic events that stimulate gene responses in patients with diabetes mellitus.

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“…There are several factors in addition to some growth in CKD. Two studies have argued against better patient survival in high-risk patients as the proximate reason for more ESRD (24,25). Some have concluded that there must be a greater risk for disease progression to account for this discrepancy (25).…”

Section: Is the Ckd Epidemic Growing?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies have argued against better patient survival in high-risk patients as the proximate reason for more ESRD (24,25). Some have concluded that there must be a greater risk for disease progression to account for this discrepancy (25). However, there may be a greater willingness of patient and provider to accept treatment especially in the older segments of the population.…”

Section: Is the Ckd Epidemic Growing?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemic

Kiberd¹

2006

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Estimating the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is no simple task. The overall prevalence is relatively low but may be higher in select populations that are not accessible to surveys (e.g., certain ethnic groups, the sick or elderly). Moreover, the tests that define CKD lack precision and transportability to healthy populations. During the past decade, it is not clear that CKD has grown substantially. Some epidemiologic factors that are associated with CKD (obesity and diabetes) are increasing, whereas others (uncontrolled hypertension and smoking) are decreasing. Reasons for the discrepancy between a stable CKD population and ongoing ESRD growth remain speculative. There is evidence that ESRD rates may be stabilizing and that efforts to reduce progression in high-risk groups may be starting to show benefit. Expanding the definition of CKD and increasing detection may be required to reduce overall ESRD prevalence. One concern is that many of the well-defined high-risk patient groups (diabetes and black) are still undertreated. Increasing the investigation and treatment of low-risk patients may not be the answer. Clinical inertia (failure to initiate or change therapy) may be a more significant and modifiable barrier toward reducing ESRD, and this deserves increased attention. Furthermore, reducing CKD prevalence will require controlling the precipitating causes. The incremental benefit of detecting CKD in low-risk patients, use of expensive therapies in CKD, or new strategies such as the treatment of prehypertension require solid evidence, not only of the variety that shows benefit (hard end points) but also to whom, when, and at what cost.

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Epidemic of end-stage renal disease in people with diabetes in the United States population: Do we know the cause?

Cited by 196 publications

References 38 publications

Estrogens and the diabetic kidney

Estrogens and the diabetic kidney

Epigenetic Diabetic Vascular Complications

The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemic

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