Enzyme activity and biochemical changes during production of Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler

Abstract

Shiitake is an important edible and medicinal mushroom cultivated worldwide. Ots cultivation involves a complex process of browning that precedes the primordia initiation. The present work through the evaluation of enzymes, lectin and β-glucan during the cultivation cycle of Lentinula edodes, the degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, attempted to correlate these with mushroom yield. Strains UFLA-LE1, UFLA-LE2 and UFLA-LE6 consumed significantly more hemicelluloses than the other three strains with strain LE5 consuming significantly the most lignin of all six strains. Strains UFLA-LE4 and UFLA-LE6 were significantly the most productive. The laccase activity increased continuously until the end of the cultivation for all strains. Manganese peroxidase activities, except for UFLA-LE3, remained relatively stable. Dn the other hand, lignin peroxidase was the main lignin-modifying enzyme with much higher activity compared to laccase and manganese peroxidase. Tyrosinase activity was stable at an elevated level during the cultivation cycle, dramatically reaching the highest activity at the end of the cultivation period. The amounts of lectin and β-glucan varied greatly depending on the strain and the time of cultivation. Despite the many differences between strains in all evaluated parameters no direct association to the browning process was observed.

Shiitake cultivation in axenic blocks containing brewery residue

“…For successful cultivation, the substrate must allow mycelial development in a short period and with vigor, because it is the phase with a high risk of contamination (Montini, 2001). In the studied substrates, the time to complete colonization ranged between 65 and 100 days (Tables 6 and 9), faster results than those obtained by Sousa et al (2019) out of 126 days and slower than those obtained by Atila (2019) from 32 to 46 days and Gao et al ( 2020) from 49 to 50 days; however, there are differences in formulations, compositions, raw materials, and lineages.…”

“…The PR obtained in the experiments (Tables 8 and 11) was higher than the PR achieved by Sousa et al (2019) from 0.0 to 16.2%, they related to the higher yields obtained in substrates that had less cellulose degradation. Values are obtained in different formulations, compositions, and raw materials.…”

Screening of ligninolytic enzymes produced by Ganoderma lucidum in solid residues from the Amazon

“…During mushroom cultivation, distinct stages of development and growth of the fungus are observed, with emphasis on mycelial growth (substrate colonization), browning process, primordium formation and development of the basidiocarp (the structure known as the mushroom), and these phases are directly affected by the concentrations of lignin, cellulose and nitrogen in the fungal growth substrate (Sousa et al, 2019). Associated with mushroom development, greater laccase activity is obtained during substrate colonization when compared to basidiocarp formation (Bellettini et al, 2019).…”

Effects of Incubation Time and “Browning” on Yield and Proximate Composition of the Edible Mushroom Lentinula edodes

“…Some studies have shown that intensity of browning can vary according to light, aeration and temperature [22,23]; the process is accelerated by oxygen and light exposition [24]. Some enzymatic activities are modified: enzymes related to light sensing (kinases and G proteins-coupled receptors), melanogenesis (tyrosinases) and cell wall degradation (glucanases, chitinases, laccases, manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase) [25,26]. The browning process develops a brown layer of mycelia which not only improves mushroom quality but also discourages mold contamination [27].…”