Enxertia da faveleira (Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus) sem espinhos

Sales, Francisco das Chagas Vieira; Bakke, Olaf Andreas; Arriel, Eder Ferreira; Bakke, Ivonete Alves

doi:10.1590/s0103-84782008000500039

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, the controlled harvest of the thorny fruits directly from the plant for the removal of the seeds can result in greater control of their quality, as verified by de Medeiros et al (2018), in which the influence of the fruit collection period on the seeds proximate composition was investigated. The exploration of favela seeds can also be facilitated by the vegetative propagation of the thornless phenotype, which is less common, but already found naturally in native populations (Sales et al, 2008). Its smooth seeds are ovoid and rigid (Cavalcanti & Bora, 2010; Souza et al., 2012), similar in appearance to castor beans ( Ricinus communis ), and contain almonds rich in lipids (up to ~50 wt%; Cavalcanti, Silveira, Florêncio, Florentino, et al, 2011; Santos et al., 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of favela ( Cnidoscolus quercifolius ) seed oil using ethanol as a solvent

Santos

Silva

2021

J. Food Process. Preserv.

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In this study, the oil extraction from favela (Cnidoscolus quercifolius) seeds was evaluated using a nonconventional ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) method with ethanol as a solvent. UAE was performed using a 33‐Box–Behnken design to evaluate the effects of the temperature, solvent‐to‐solid ratio, and ultrasound intensity on the yield, concentrations of tocopherols and β‐sitosterol, and the antioxidant activity of the oil. The variable with the greatest influence on yield was the solvent‐to‐solid ratio. The highest yield (46.9 wt%) was obtained after 5 min of extraction at 60°C, 15 ml/g, and 20 W/cm2. Significant variations (p < .05) were observed in the concentrations of total tocopherols (from 20.32 to 34.22 mg per 100 g of oil) and β‐sitosterol (from 98.76 to 162.74 mg per 100 g of oil). The antioxidant capacity, measured by a DPPH assay, had a strong positive correlation with the concentrations of these bioactive compounds. The highest antioxidant capacity found was 7.75 mmol of Trolox per kg of oil. The optimal extraction condition was achieved under 60°C, 15 ml/g, and 28 W/cm2. The yield did not differ (p > .05) from that obtained by the Soxhlet method with ethanol (~50 wt%), and the yields of total tocopherols and β‐sitosterol were 11.0 and 53.4 mg per 100 g of seeds, respectively. The oils with ~76% unsaturated fatty acids were composed of linoleic (~60%), oleic (~15%), palmitic (~16%), and stearic (~7%) acids. Practical applications Seeds from favela (Cnidoscolus quercifolius), a plant from the semi‐arid Brazilian ecosystem, are an interesting source of edible oil that have a high concentration of unsaturated fatty acids, mainly linoleic acid, and have significant concentrations of antioxidant compounds. The ultrasound‐assisted extraction method was promising for the extraction of this vegetable oil, notably with the use of ethanol, a green solvent. This alternative technique provided high yields of oil, tocopherols, and β‐sitosterol with a significant reduction in time and solvent consumption, in addition to lower temperatures, when compared to the conventional Soxhlet method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of favela ( Cnidoscolus quercifolius ) seed oil using ethanol as a solvent

Santos

Silva

2021

J. Food Process. Preserv.

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“…Although Sales (2008) developed a successful grafting protocol to thornless C. phyllacanthus, the few thornless trees from which vegetative material can be collected result in a narrow genetic pool of asexually reproduced plants. The genetic pool may be widened by finding or producing new sexually generated thornless individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Produção de progênies inermes de Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus oriundas de árvores nativas em sistema de polinização aberta

Candeia¹,

Bakke²,

Ariel³

et al. 2010

Pesq. Flor. Bras.

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Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus (faveleira), a caatinga xerophyte Euphorbiaceae tree, produces proteinrich forage consumed by ruminants. It should be used carefully due to urticaceous thorns in leaves, fine branches and fruits, and antinutritional substances present in fresh material. The narrow gene pool of the few thornless mutants should be widened by additional thornless individuals grown from open-pollinated seeds. This study checked the potential of six thorny and three thornless open-pollinated native trees in a caatinga site to produce thornless progenies, and estimated the proportion of their thornless progenies. The trial took place at the seed laboratory and seedling nursery facilities of UFCG/UAEF, Patos-PB, Brazil, from March 2002 to November 2003, in a completely random design with nine treatments (trees) and number of replications depending on seed and seedling quantity. Proportions of germinated seeds and thornless progenies were compared by the Student´s "t" test. Seven of the monitored trees produced thornless progenies (5.8% to 20.6%) consistently in two years. Three thorny and two thornless trees generated 15.1% to 20.6% of thornless progenies. Thornless progenies should be grown isolated to produce genetically improved seeds for the thornelss trait with a wide gene pool basis for distribution to local farmers and use to improve other traits such as forage and seed oil production. Further studies should investigate the genetic basis involved in the exhibition of this trait and if other trees in other C. phyllacanthus populations can produce thornless progenies as well.

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Enxertia da faveleira (Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus) sem espinhos

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of favela ( Cnidoscolus quercifolius ) seed oil using ethanol as a solvent

Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of favela ( Cnidoscolus quercifolius ) seed oil using ethanol as a solvent

Produção de progênies inermes de Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus oriundas de árvores nativas em sistema de polinização aberta

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