Environmental impacts of renewable energy

Unveiling Cutting Edge Innovations in the Catalytic Valorization of Biodiesel Byproduct Glycerol into Value Added Products

“…The transesterification reaction between DMC and glycerol produces GC (Scheme 1). Different catalysts employed for the transesterification of DMC with glycerol are CaO, [1,53] KF modified hydroxyapatite, and NaOH/γÀ Al 2 O 3 catalyst. [4,8] Other than these, many other catalysts like Ca Al layered double hydroxides, [11] immobilized enzyme like lipase, [55][56][57] Mg/Al/Zr catalyst, [58] Magnesia-ceria mixed oxide, [59] Mg/ZnO, [60] KF/ Al 2 O 3, [61] 3D mesoporous silicates of K/TUD-1, [62] K 2 CO 3 /MgO, [63] basic ionic liquids [9] and trisodium phosphate [64] have also been used.…”

Red Phosphorus: An Up-and-Coming Photocatalyst on the Horizon for Sustainable Energy Development and Environmental Remediation

“…In this context, solar-to-fuel transformation accords a feasible feat to secure a sustainable energy future with H 2 universally revered as a highly versatile fuel and one of the pioneering choices for energy storage from renewable sources. 262 The year 1972 marked a new age for solar H 2 generation using artificial photosynthesis by Fujishima and Honda who introduced the world to an energy revolution though the employment of TiO 2 photoelectrodes to undertake photocatalytic H 2 O splitting for H 2 production, advancing the technological, environmental and energy scenes by formulating a powerful solution on the basis of photocatalysis to curb environmental pollution and energy upheaval. 263 Since the ground-breaking effort, photocatalytic H 2 O splitting has garnered booming interests from researchers who are proactively exploring and exploiting a cornucopia of suitable and functional semiconductors for H 2 -evolving activities from perovskite-based photocatalysts, 264−266 bismuth-based photocatalysts 267−269 to zinc cadmium sulphide-based photocatalysts.…”

“…The world’s distress and concern over energy has haunted mankind with steady decline in fuel reserves and energy content alongside a hike in global fuel price, demanding the need to seek for alternative initiatives to circumvent the increasingly relentless energy scarcity. In this context, solar-to-fuel transformation accords a feasible feat to secure a sustainable energy future with H 2 universally revered as a highly versatile fuel and one of the pioneering choices for energy storage from renewable sources . The year 1972 marked a new age for solar H 2 generation using artificial photosynthesis by Fujishima and Honda who introduced the world to an energy revolution though the employment of TiO 2 photoelectrodes to undertake photocatalytic H 2 O splitting for H 2 production, advancing the technological, environmental and energy scenes by formulating a powerful solution on the basis of photocatalysis to curb environmental pollution and energy upheaval .…”

The Planning and Design of Kampong Pakuncen in Yogyakarta Based on the Green Concept

“…For the detail, the tank in the (b) has vent pipe to maintain water contents oxygen, overflow and outlet to drain water and distribute into destination needs (Jain, 2009) It is determined that the potential power in the Winongo river can be converted into energy as much as 10 times with the Small-scale Hydropower energy such as waterwheel (Bilgili et al, 2018), so it needs 3 units of waterwheels to accommodate the electricity need of inhabitants because the total electricity consumption of households in the kampong is 145,800 Watt as described in Table 11. Hydropower energy becomes the most popular renewable energy in the world because there is no fossil fuel burnt on its power plant (Ali et al, 2016). The example of large hydro energy plant is Three Gorges Dam in China which generates 22,500 MW electricity, Itaipu Hydro electric power located between Brazil and Paraguay which produces 14,000 MW and many others, however there are several constraints on providing the hydropower plants due to microbial decomposition of submerged forest during the reservoir construction process (Ali et al, 2016;Bilgili et al, 2018).…”

“…Hydropower energy becomes the most popular renewable energy in the world because there is no fossil fuel burnt on its power plant (Ali et al, 2016). The example of large hydro energy plant is Three Gorges Dam in China which generates 22,500 MW electricity, Itaipu Hydro electric power located between Brazil and Paraguay which produces 14,000 MW and many others, however there are several constraints on providing the hydropower plants due to microbial decomposition of submerged forest during the reservoir construction process (Ali et al, 2016;Bilgili et al, 2018). In this case, the kampong Pakuncen has potential Winongo river as a micro-hydro power energy which is beneficial for at least the kampongs' inhabitants electricity need.…”