Environmental Equity and Pesticide Exposure

Moses, Marion; Johnson, Eddie; Wk, Anger; Vw, Burse; Sw, Horstman; Rj, Jackson; Rg, Lewis; Kt, Maddy; McConnell, Rob; Wj, Meggs

doi:10.1177/074823379300900512

Cited by 123 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…In most of the developing countries including Brazil, the rural population is most affected by exposure to insecticides, fungicides and herbicides, as agriculture is a main source of employment, particularly for women (Moses et al, 1993;Soares and Porto, 2007). Reports of acute toxic exposure to POPs in adults, including a few studies on the reproductive effects of pesticides, have been published in Brazil (Baker et al, 1978;Igbedioh, 1991;Loevinsohn, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of selected persistent organic pollutants in blood from delivering women in seven selected areas of São Paulo State, Brazil

Rudge

Sandanger

Röllin

et al. 2012

Environment International

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2012Levels of selected persistent organic pollutants in blood from delivering women in seven selected areas of Sao Paulo State, Brazil ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL, OXFORD, v. 40, Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) present in the living environment are thought to have detrimental health effects on the population, with pregnant women and the developing foetus being at highest risk. We report on the levels of selected POPs in maternal blood of 155 delivering women residing in seven regions within the São Paulo State, Brazil. The following selected POPs were measured in the maternal whole blood: 12 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners (IUPAC Nos. 99, 101, 118, 138, 153, 156, 163, 170, 180, 183, 187, 194); dichlordiphenyltrichloroethane p,p′-DDT, diphenyldichloroethylene p,p′-DDE and other pesticides such as hexachlorocyclohexanes (α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), chlordane derivatives cis-chlordane, transchlordane, oxy-chlordane, cis-nonachlor and trans-nonachlor. Statistical comparisons between regions were performed only on compounds having concentrations above LOD in 70% of the samples. PCB118 congener was found to be highest in the industrial site (mean 4.97 ng/g lipids); PCB138 congener concentration was highest in the Urban 3 site (mean 4.27 ng/g lipids) and congener PCB153 was highest in the industrial and Urban 3 sites with mean concentration of 7.2 ng/g lipids and 5.89 ng/g lipids respectively. Large differences in levels of p,p′-DDE between regions were observed with the Urban 3 and industrial sites having the highest concentrations of 645 ng/g lipids and 417 ng/g lipids, respectively; β-HCH was found to be highest in the Rural 1 site; the γ-HCH in Rural 1 and industrial; the HCB in the Rural 1 and industrial sites and oxy-chlordane and t-NC in the Rural 2 sites. An association between levels of some contaminants and maternal age and parity was also found.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of selected persistent organic pollutants in blood from delivering women in seven selected areas of São Paulo State, Brazil

Rudge

Sandanger

Röllin

et al. 2012

Environment International

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“…Among the modern pesticides, systemic pesticides are being widely used in agriculture. Approximately 90% of agricultural pesticide application never reaches its target organisms but is, instead, dispersed through the air, soil, and water (Moses et al 1993). In addition, many soil-applied pesticides are also intentionally introduced into the soil environment for the control of soil borne pests and pathogens, which results in the accumulation of their residues and metabolites in soil at unacceptably high levels (Redondo et al 1997;Gamo´ n et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from Chlorpyrifos Polluted Soil

Santhoshkumar

Mahakavi

Baskaran

2015

ILNS

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ABSTRACT. The present study aimed to isolate and identify the chlorpyrifos resistant soil bacteria from contaminated soils in order to be used for bioremediation of polluted environments. Bacteria were isolated from two cultivated plant root rhizopheric soil of Cocks comb (Celosia cristata) and Marigold (Tagetes erecta).The pesticide was tested at 5 elevated doses,0.5%, 1%, 2%, 2.5% and control. Physiochemical properties of soils, P H , Electrical conductivity, Organic carbon, Organic matter, Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, Manganese and Iron were analyzed. Based on morphological and biochemical tests the isolates were identified as Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Thus, the organisms can be exploited for bioremediation of chlorpyrifos polluted soil, and their ability to degrade other organophosphates pesticide.

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“…Health effects of pesticide exposure can be immediate and may include rashes, headaches, nausea and vomiting, disorientation, shock, respiratory failure, coma, and, in severe cases, death (44)(45)(46). Pesticide exposure can also have long-term effects on health in the form of cancer, neurologic problems, and reproductive problems (47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52).…”

Section: Farmworker Pesticide Exposure and Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the most extreme form of pesticide exposure occurs when pesticides are spilled or sprayed on a worker, exposure can also occur when a worker enters a field just after pesticides have been applied, when pesticides drift from a field in which they are being applied to a field in which laborers are working, or when workers bring home contaminated clothing or materials (46,58). Most farmworker pesticide exposure occurs as exposure to residues, an active form of the pesticide that remains on plants and equipment for days or weeks after application.…”

Section: Farmworker Pesticide Exposure and Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmworker pesticide exposure and community-based participatory research: rationale and practical applications.

Arcury

Quandt

Dearry

2001

Environ Health Perspect

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The consequences of agricultural pesticide exposure continue to be major environmental health problems in rural communities. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is an important approach to redressing health disparities resulting from environmental causes. In this article we introduce a collection of articles that describe projects using CBPR to address the health disparities resulting from pesticide exposure in agricultural communities, particularly the communities of migrant and seasonal farmworkers. The articles in this collection are based on a workshop convened at the 1999 American Public Health Association meeting. The goals in presenting this collection are to provide those endeavoring to initiate CBPR projects needed information, guidelines, and procedures to improve the quality of the CBPR experience; to increase the scientific validity of CBPR projects; and to reduce the potential difficulties and stress of these collaborations. In this introduction we discuss the context in which these projects operate, summarizing background information about farmworkers in the United States, what is known about farmworker pesticide exposure, and the concept of community-based participatory research. Finally, the articles in this collection are summarized, and major themes common to successful CBPR projects are identified. These common features are taking the time to interact with the community, using multiple approaches to engage the different parts of the community, understanding different participants often have different goals, appreciating each group's strengths, valuing community knowledge, and being flexible and creative in conducting research. The final article in this collection describes the translational research program at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) highlighting activities pertinent to the health of rural communities, giving an overview of NIEHS-supported projects addressing health concerns of Native Americans and rural African-American communities in addition to farmworkers, and discussing future plans for CBPR at NIEHS.

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Environmental Equity and Pesticide Exposure

Cited by 123 publications

References 141 publications

Levels of selected persistent organic pollutants in blood from delivering women in seven selected areas of São Paulo State, Brazil

Levels of selected persistent organic pollutants in blood from delivering women in seven selected areas of São Paulo State, Brazil

Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from Chlorpyrifos Polluted Soil

Farmworker pesticide exposure and community-based participatory research: rationale and practical applications.

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