Environmental dynamics during the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) in the northeastern Peri-Tethys revealed by high-resolution micropalaeontological and geochemical studies of a Caucasian key section

Shcherbinina, E. A.; Gavrilov, Yuri O.; Iakovleva, Alina I.; Pokrovsky, B. G.; Голованова, О. В.; Александрова, Г. Н.

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.05.006

Cited by 36 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The biostratigraphic attributions are based on the schemes proposed by Martini (1971) and Okada and Bukry (1980) and on the recognition of secondary nannofossil bioevents (e.g. Bown, 2005;Raffi, Backman, & Pälike, 2005;Fornaciari et al, 2010;Agnini et al, 2014;Shcherbinina et al, 2016).…”

Section: Calcareous Nannofossilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleogene evolution and demise of the proto‐Paratethys Sea in Central Asia (Tarim and Tajik basins): Role of intensified tectonic activity at ca. 41 Ma

et al. 2019

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The proto‐Paratethys Sea covered a vast area extending from the Mediterranean Tethys to the Tarim Basin in western China during Cretaceous and early Paleogene. Climate modelling and proxy studies suggest that Asian aridification has been governed by westerly moisture modulated by fluctuations of the proto‐Paratethys Sea. Transgressive and regressive episodes of the proto‐Paratethys Sea have been previously recognized but their timing, extent and depositional environments remain poorly constrained. This hampers understanding of their driving mechanisms (tectonic and/or eustatic) and their contribution to Asian aridification. Here, we present a new chronostratigraphic framework based on biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy as well as a detailed palaeoenvironmental analysis for the Paleogene proto‐Paratethys Sea incursions in the Tajik and Tarim basins. This enables us to identify the major drivers of marine fluctuations and their potential consequences on Asian aridification. A major regional restriction event, marked by the exceptionally thick (≤ 400 m) shelf evaporites is assigned a Danian‐Selandian age (ca. 63–59 Ma) in the Aertashi Formation. This is followed by the largest recorded proto‐Paratethys Sea incursion with a transgression estimated as early Thanetian (ca. 59–57 Ma) and a regression within the Ypresian (ca. 53–52 Ma), both within the Qimugen Formation. The transgression of the next incursion in the Kalatar and Wulagen formations is now constrained as early Lutetian (ca. 47–46 Ma), whereas its regression in the Bashibulake Formation is constrained as late Lutetian (ca. 41 Ma) and is associated with a drastic increase in both tectonic subsidence and basin infilling. The age of the final and least pronounced sea incursion restricted to the westernmost margin of the Tarim Basin is assigned as Bartonian–Priabonian (ca. 39.7–36.7 Ma). We interpret the long‐term westward retreat of the proto‐Paratethys Sea starting at ca. 41 Ma to be associated with far‐field tectonic effects of the Indo‐Asia collision and Pamir/Tibetan plateau uplift. Short‐term eustatic sea level transgressions are superimposed on this long‐term regression and seem coeval with the transgression events in the other northern Peri‐Tethyan sedimentary provinces for the 1st and 2nd sea incursions. However, the 3rd sea incursion is interpreted as related to tectonism. The transgressive and regressive intervals of the proto‐Paratethys Sea correlate well with the reported humid and arid phases, respectively in the Qaidam and Xining basins, thus demonstrating the role of the proto‐Paratethys Sea as an important moisture source for the Asian interior and its regression as a contributor to Asian aridification.

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Section: Calcareous Nannofossilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleogene evolution and demise of the proto‐Paratethys Sea in Central Asia (Tarim and Tajik basins): Role of intensified tectonic activity at ca. 41 Ma

et al. 2019

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“…) in the studied area), cover a large area from Crimea to eastern Caucasus. The intercalation of the sapropelitic bed in the uppermost part of this formation corresponds to PETM (Gavrilov et al, 2000;Gavrilov et al, 2003;Shcherbinina et al, 2016). The geographic range of the lower Ypresian siliciclastic Abaza Fm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Our recent study of the lowermost Eocene interval of the Kheu section revealed the specificities and dynamics of the PETM in the deepest part of the NE Peri-Tethys (Shcherbinina et al, 2016). Here we present a highresolution lithostratigraphy and nannofossil and dinocyst biostratigraphy of the upper part of the lower Eocene succession.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In the Kheu section, the base of the Ypresian corresponds to the SaproPelitic Bed (SPB), representing the regional expression of the global event of the PETM (Gavrilov et al, 2003(Gavrilov et al, , 2009Shcherbinina et al, 2016). The accumulation of the dark thinly laminated low-calcareous SPB was preceded by the large scale regression forming the erosional surface and stratigraphic hiatus in the shallower areas of the NE Peri-Tethys (Gavrilov et al, 2003), which mark the Sequence Boundary (SB1, Fig.…”

Section: Lithology and Sedimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beniamovsky, 2001;Bugrova et al, 1988;Leonov and Alimarina, 1964;Shutskaya, 1960;Subbotina, 1947, and others). Later, the foraminiferal zones were correlated with the nannofossil zones (Krasheninnikov and Muzylöv, 1975) and some intervals of this section were studied again in better detail (Beniamovski et al, 2003;Beniamovskiy, 2011;Shcherbinina et al, 2016). By now, dinocysts have only been studied in some specific intervals of the Kheu section: the uppermost Thanetian (Radionova et al, 2009), Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) (Shcherbinina et al, 2016) and the middle Eocene (Iakovleva et al, in press;Zaporozhets, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lower Eocene sedimentary succession and microfossil biostratigraphy in the central northern Caucasus basin

Shcherbinina

Iakovleva

Gavrilov

et al. 2020

GeA

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The lower Eocene sediments from the classical Paleogene section exposed along the Kheu River, northern Caucasus, southern Russia are here studied. This ca. 50m thick succession is lithologically contrasting: the lower and upper parts are composed by soft marls separated by a thick Radiolaria-rich unit of non-calcareous and low-calcareous mudstones with intercalations of compact cherty layers. According to nannofossil and dinocyst biostratigraphy, the unique intercalation of Total Organic Carbon (TOC)-rich sediment (sapropelitic bed) in the lower part of the lower Eocene correspond to the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and a series of sapropelitic interlayers in the upper marly part of the lower Eocene succession correlates with the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO). The study of nannofossil and dinocyst assemblages enabled detailed zonal subdivision and first-order calibration of nannofossil and dinocyst bio-events during this time-span. The studied interval of the section embraces the complete succession of nannofossil zones NP9-NP13 of Martini, 1971, CP8-CP11 of Okada and Bukry, 1980 and CNP11-CNE5 of Agnini et al., 2014. By means of dinocyst stratigraphy, the succession of Apectodinium hyperacanthum, Axiodinium augustum, Deflandrea oebisfeldensis, Dracodinium astra, Stenodinium meckelfeldense, Dracodinium varielongitudum, Ochetodinium romanum/Samlandia chlamydophora and Areosphaeridium diktyoplokum zones are identified in the Ypresian part of the Kheu section.

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Ferrimagnetic Iron Sulfide Formation and Methane Venting Across the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum in Shallow Marine Sediments, Ancient West Siberian Sea

Rudmin

Roberts

Horng

et al. 2018

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Authigenesis of ferrimagnetic iron sulfide minerals (greigite and monoclinic pyrrhotite) occurred across the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) within the Bakchar oolitic ironstone in southeastern Western Siberia. Co‐occurrence of these minerals is associated with diagenetic environments that support anaerobic oxidation of methane, which has been validated by methane fluid inclusion analysis in the studied sediments. In modern settings, such ferrimagnetic iron sulfide formation is linked to upward methane diffusion in the presence of minor dissolved sulfide ions. The PETM was the most extreme Cenozoic global warming event and massive methane mobilization has been proposed as a major contributor to the globally observed warming and carbon isotope excursion associated with the PETM. The studied sediments provide rare direct evidence for methane mobilization during the PETM. Magnetic iron sulfide formation associated with methanogenesis in the studied sediments can be explained by enhanced local carbon burial across the PETM. While there is no strong evidence to link local methane venting with more widespread methane mobilization and global warming, the magnetic, petrographic, and geochemical approach used here is applicable to identifying authigenic minerals that provide telltale signatures of methane mobility that can be used to assess methane formation and mobilization through the PETM and other hyperthermal climatic events.

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Environmental dynamics during the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) in the northeastern Peri-Tethys revealed by high-resolution micropalaeontological and geochemical studies of a Caucasian key section

Cited by 36 publications

References 59 publications

Paleogene evolution and demise of the proto‐Paratethys Sea in Central Asia (Tarim and Tajik basins): Role of intensified tectonic activity at ca. 41 Ma

Paleogene evolution and demise of the proto‐Paratethys Sea in Central Asia (Tarim and Tajik basins): Role of intensified tectonic activity at ca. 41 Ma

Lower Eocene sedimentary succession and microfossil biostratigraphy in the central northern Caucasus basin

Ferrimagnetic Iron Sulfide Formation and Methane Venting Across the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum in Shallow Marine Sediments, Ancient West Siberian Sea

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