Environmental and economic assessment of hard apple cider using an integrated LCA-LCC approach

Life cycle cost analysis of agri-food products: A systematic review

“…No significant differences are observed for the inclusion of the different cost categories when comparing older studies with studies that have been published more recently. The cost of (some) externalities is only considered in 12 studies (Albizzati et al, 2021;Blanc et al, 2018;Blanc et al, 2019;Canaj et al, 2021a;Canaj et al, 2021b;Dobon et al, 2011;Moosavi-Nezhad et al, 2022;Rahmah et al, 2022;Ribeiro et al, 2018;Ruviaro et al, 2020;Saber et al, 2020;Smith and Lal, 2022) (Fig. 4).…”

“…Most of the papers (8) only include the societal/environmental cost of atmospheric pollutants since the costs for those have been quantified in previous studies and are more established (lower degree of uncertainty) than the costs of other environmental indicators (Yang et al, 2022) (e.g. emission costs validated by the US government (Smith and Lal, 2022)). The remaining papers (4) included more externalities in the LCC than only the atmospheric pollutants, for example water pollutants, soil pollutants, externalities of transport and land use change (Albizzati et al, 2021), all environmental indicators from the LCA (Canaj et al, 2021a;Canaj et al, 2022) and noise (Dobon et al, 2011).…”

Life cycle assessment of apple exported from Japan to Taiwan and potential environmental impact abatement

“…Boschiero et al (2019) analyzed greenhouse gas emissions and energy requirements in post-harvest of apples in Northern Italy by life cycle assessment and concluded that the most favorable environmental performances were storage by CA, delivering fruits in large reusable plastic bins, and their transport over short distances. In addition, there are many previous studies related to life cycle analysis in apple production processes in European countries (Cerutti et al, 2013;Goossens et al, 2017;Longo et al, 2017), USA (Smith and Lal, 2022), Canada (Keyes et al, 2015), and China (Zhu et al, 2018). However, information on the environmental burden of fresh apple distribution processes from Japan to Taiwan throughout the apple life cycle has, as far as the authors are aware, not yet been collected in a systematic way, and there are no previous studies discussing the options to decrease the environmental burdens of the distribution process.…”