Enucleation or exenteration in two dogs with previous parotid duct transposition: parotid duct ligation versus reverse parotid duct transposition

Abstract

Two dogs with previous parotid duct transpositions presented with unrelated ocular disease. In both cases, ophthalmic examination revealed the need for enucleation or exenteration. In case 1, systemic coccidioidomycosis was diagnosed with panuveitis and secondary glaucoma of the left eye. In this case, the parotid duct was ligated at the time of enucleation to stop salivary secretions. This dog encountered morbidity in the form of a sialocele that did not resolve for 11 months. In case 2, ultrasound and computed tomography revealed a discrete mass within the left medial orbit that was suspected to arise from the nictitating membrane. A combination of exenteration and parotid duct transposition reversal was performed to avoid morbidity associated with ligation of the parotid duct. The dog encountered no complications from this novel procedure. This case report represents the first report of re-routing a transposed parotid duct from the ventral conjunctival sac back to the mouth at the time of enucleation or exenteration in the dog.

Eye removal following parotid duct transposition surgery: A survey of current practice among veterinary ophthalmologists

“…2 Ligation has also been reported to have resulted in orbital sialocele development in two dogs. 5,6 It should be of note that one of those dogs, a Yorkshire terrier, 8 was also reported in this study.…”

“…It has been suggested that proximal ligation of the duct may reduce the time to gland atrophy and potentially decrease the chance of duct dilation. 5 The results of the current study show that even proximal ligations can develop complications. Further studies are needed to evaluate the benefits of distal versus proximal ligation of the duct.…”

“…Reported indications for eye removal were as follows: advancing corneal disease (6), discomfort (6), saliva intolerance (4), decreased saliva (2), glaucoma (1), endophthalmitis (1), and orbital neoplasia (1). The multiple choice options for surgical techniques used to address the duct at the time of eye removal included ligation near the eye (7), ligation near the gland (2), and transposition of the distal end of the duct back to the oral cavity where it was secured to the buccal mucosa (5). No respondents chose sialadenectomy.…”

“…The second dog was a Yorkshire terrier with endophthalmitis presumably associated with concurrent disseminated coccidiomycosis. 5 The third dog, a dachshund, had adenocarcinoma of the third eyelid and underwent exenteration. It should be noted that the last two dogs, Yorkshire terrier and dachshund, had already been reported in the literature by Young et al (2017).…”

“…Previous surgical techniques that have been reported to successfully address a functioning PDT at the time of enucleation include ligation 4 and reversal of the PDT back to the oral cavity. 5 There is also a reported case where, due to saliva intolerance, the PDT was successfully reversed to the oral cavity but the eye was not removed at that time. 2 Ligation has also been reported to have resulted in orbital sialocele development in two dogs.…”

Eye removal following parotid duct transposition surgery: A survey of current practice among veterinary ophthalmologists

“…2 Ligation has also been reported to have resulted in orbital sialocele development in two dogs. 5,6 It should be of note that one of those dogs, a Yorkshire terrier, 8 was also reported in this study.…”

“…It has been suggested that proximal ligation of the duct may reduce the time to gland atrophy and potentially decrease the chance of duct dilation. 5 The results of the current study show that even proximal ligations can develop complications. Further studies are needed to evaluate the benefits of distal versus proximal ligation of the duct.…”

“…Reported indications for eye removal were as follows: advancing corneal disease (6), discomfort (6), saliva intolerance (4), decreased saliva (2), glaucoma (1), endophthalmitis (1), and orbital neoplasia (1). The multiple choice options for surgical techniques used to address the duct at the time of eye removal included ligation near the eye (7), ligation near the gland (2), and transposition of the distal end of the duct back to the oral cavity where it was secured to the buccal mucosa (5). No respondents chose sialadenectomy.…”

“…The second dog was a Yorkshire terrier with endophthalmitis presumably associated with concurrent disseminated coccidiomycosis. 5 The third dog, a dachshund, had adenocarcinoma of the third eyelid and underwent exenteration. It should be noted that the last two dogs, Yorkshire terrier and dachshund, had already been reported in the literature by Young et al (2017).…”

“…Previous surgical techniques that have been reported to successfully address a functioning PDT at the time of enucleation include ligation 4 and reversal of the PDT back to the oral cavity. 5 There is also a reported case where, due to saliva intolerance, the PDT was successfully reversed to the oral cavity but the eye was not removed at that time. 2 Ligation has also been reported to have resulted in orbital sialocele development in two dogs.…”

Eye removal following parotid duct transposition surgery: A survey of current practice among veterinary ophthalmologists

“…2 Ligation has also been reported to have resulted in orbital sialocele development in two dogs. 5,6 It should be of note that one of those dogs, a Yorkshire terrier, 8 was also reported in this study.…”

“…It has been suggested that proximal ligation of the duct may reduce the time to gland atrophy and potentially decrease the chance of duct dilation. 5 The results of the current study show that even proximal ligations can develop complications. Further studies are needed to evaluate the benefits of distal versus proximal ligation of the duct.…”

“…Reported indications for eye removal were as follows: advancing corneal disease (6), discomfort (6), saliva intolerance (4), decreased saliva (2), glaucoma (1), endophthalmitis (1), and orbital neoplasia (1). The multiple choice options for surgical techniques used to address the duct at the time of eye removal included ligation near the eye (7), ligation near the gland (2), and transposition of the distal end of the duct back to the oral cavity where it was secured to the buccal mucosa (5). No respondents chose sialadenectomy.…”

“…The second dog was a Yorkshire terrier with endophthalmitis presumably associated with concurrent disseminated coccidiomycosis. 5 The third dog, a dachshund, had adenocarcinoma of the third eyelid and underwent exenteration. It should be noted that the last two dogs, Yorkshire terrier and dachshund, had already been reported in the literature by Young et al (2017).…”

“…Previous surgical techniques that have been reported to successfully address a functioning PDT at the time of enucleation include ligation 4 and reversal of the PDT back to the oral cavity. 5 There is also a reported case where, due to saliva intolerance, the PDT was successfully reversed to the oral cavity but the eye was not removed at that time. 2 Ligation has also been reported to have resulted in orbital sialocele development in two dogs.…”

Eye removal following parotid duct transposition surgery: A survey of current practice among veterinary ophthalmologists

“…2 Ligation has also been reported to have resulted in orbital sialocele development in two dogs. 5,6 It should be of note that one of those dogs, a Yorkshire terrier, 8 was also reported in this study.…”

“…It has been suggested that proximal ligation of the duct may reduce the time to gland atrophy and potentially decrease the chance of duct dilation. 5 The results of the current study show that even proximal ligations can develop complications. Further studies are needed to evaluate the benefits of distal versus proximal ligation of the duct.…”

“…Reported indications for eye removal were as follows: advancing corneal disease (6), discomfort (6), saliva intolerance (4), decreased saliva (2), glaucoma (1), endophthalmitis (1), and orbital neoplasia (1). The multiple choice options for surgical techniques used to address the duct at the time of eye removal included ligation near the eye (7), ligation near the gland (2), and transposition of the distal end of the duct back to the oral cavity where it was secured to the buccal mucosa (5). No respondents chose sialadenectomy.…”

“…The second dog was a Yorkshire terrier with endophthalmitis presumably associated with concurrent disseminated coccidiomycosis. 5 The third dog, a dachshund, had adenocarcinoma of the third eyelid and underwent exenteration. It should be noted that the last two dogs, Yorkshire terrier and dachshund, had already been reported in the literature by Young et al (2017).…”

“…Previous surgical techniques that have been reported to successfully address a functioning PDT at the time of enucleation include ligation 4 and reversal of the PDT back to the oral cavity. 5 There is also a reported case where, due to saliva intolerance, the PDT was successfully reversed to the oral cavity but the eye was not removed at that time. 2 Ligation has also been reported to have resulted in orbital sialocele development in two dogs.…”