Enterococcus faecalis contributes to hypertension and renal injury in Sprague-Dawley rats by disturbing lipid metabolism

Zhu, Yeyan; Liu, Yuting; Wu, Chun-Ying; Li, Haonan; Du, Huiting; Yu, Huijing; Huang, Cailin; Chen, Yating; Wang, Weidong; Zhu, Qing; Wang, Lei

doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000002767

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Our result did not demonstrate changes in the urine output or albuminuria in VOO or Bch diets compared to standard diet, indicating no renal damage. The development of hypertension and renal damage associated to HFDs also have a link with changes in gut microbiota [55][56][57]. However, the outcomes of these cardiometabolic and renal diseases could be improved by the use of pro-and prebiotics with the diet [58,59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Virgin Olive Oil on Blood Pressure and Renal Aminopeptidase Activities in Male Wistar Rats

Domínguez-Vías

Segarra

Ramírez-Sánchez

et al. 2021

IJMS

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High saturated fat diets have been associated with the development of obesity and hypertension, along with other pathologies related to the metabolic syndrome. In contrast, the Mediterranean diet, characterized by its high content of monounsaturated fatty acids, has been proposed as a dietary factor capable of positively regulating cardiovascular function. These effects have been linked to changes in the local renal renin angiotensin system (RAS) and the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. The main goal of this study was to analyze the role of two dietary fat sources on aminopeptidases activities involved in local kidney RAS. Male Wistar rats (six months old) were fed during 24 weeks with three different diets: the standard diet (S), the standard diet supplemented with virgin olive oil (20%) (VOO), or the standard diet enriched with butter (20%) plus cholesterol (0.1%) (Bch). Kidney samples were separated in medulla and cortex for aminopeptidase activities (AP) assay. Urine samples were collected for routine analysis by chemical tests. Aminopeptidase activities were determined by fluorometric methods in soluble (sol) and membrane-bound (mb) fractions of renal tissue, using arylamide derivatives as substrates. After the experimental period, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) values were similar in standard and VOO animals, and significantly lower than in the Bch group. At the same time, a significant increase in GluAP and IRAP activities were found in renal medulla of Bch animals. However, in VOO group the increase of GluAP activity in renal medulla was lower, while AspAP activity decreased in the renal cortex. Furthermore, the VOO diet also affected other aminopeptidase activities, such as TyrAP and pGluAP, related to the regulation of the sympathetic nervous system and the metabolic rate. These results support the beneficial effect of VOO in the regulation of SBP through changes in local AP activities of the kidney.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Virgin Olive Oil on Blood Pressure and Renal Aminopeptidase Activities in Male Wistar Rats

Domínguez-Vías

Segarra

Ramírez-Sánchez

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…However, ALD-induced microbial dysbiosis led to the dominance of Escherichia-Shigella and Enterococcus ( Liu et al, 2004 ; Bajaj et al, 2012 ; Tuomisto et al, 2014 ), suggesting a decrease in intestinal amino acid metabolism, which can affect not only the intestinal tract and serum, but also muscle and brain metabolism ( Kirpich et al, 2015 ). Additionally, the dominance of Escherichia - Shigella and Enterococcus have a negative correlation with lipid, nucleotide, and vitamin metabolism, suggesting that they can adversely affect overall intestinal metabolism ( Zhu et al, 2021 ). It has also been reported that intestinal microbial dysbiosis induced by alcohol consumption may lead to changes in microbial primary metabolism, suggesting that it may also affect the intestinal tract as well as surrounding organs, including the liver ( Zhong and Zhou, 2014 ; Bajaj, 2019 ; Fairfield and Schnabl, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Lactobacilli ameliorate alcohol-induced hepatic damage via gut microbial alteration

Kim¹,

Ahn²,

Kim³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), which includes fatty liver, cirrhosis, steatosis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, is a global health problem. The probiotic effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are well-known; however, their protective effect against ALD remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, our objective was to assess the protective effects of LAB on ALD. To this end, mice were fed either a normal diet or an alcohol diet for 10 days (to induce ALD) accompanied by vehicle treatment (the NC and AC groups) or kimchi-derived LAB (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DSR J266 and Levilactobacillus brevis DSR J301, the AL group; or Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, the AG group). Our results showed that mice in the AC group showed significantly higher serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels than those in the normal diet groups; however, their levels in the AL and AG groups were relatively lower. We also observed that the AL and AG groups showed relatively lower interleukin-6 levels than the AC group. Additionally, AC group showed the accumulation of several fat vesicles in the liver, while the AL and AG groups showed remarkably lower numbers of fat vesicles. The relative abundance of Enterococcus feacalis, which showed association with liver injury, significantly increased in the AC group compared with its levels in the normal diet groups. However, the AG group showed a decreased relative abundance in this regard, confirming that LAB exerted an improvement effect on gut microbial community. These findings suggested that via gut microbiota alteration, the ingestion of LAB can alleviate the ill effects of alcohol consumption, including inflammation, liver damage, gut dysbiosis, and abnormal intestinal nutrient metabolism.

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“…Moreover, lignans can stimulate the growth of Lactobacillus strains and inhibit the growth of Enterococcus faecalis ( Favela-Hernandez et al, 2012 ; Stojanov et al, 2021 ). Increased Lactobacillus and decreased Enterococcus can help to lower blood pressure ( Gómez-Guzmán et al, 2015 ; Wilck et al, 2017 ; Robles-Vera et al, 2020b ; Zhu et al, 2021 ). In addition, in the current study, EU significantly changed the composition of the gut microbiota, which is consistent with a previous study on the anti-hypertensive effects of the combination of Eucommia ulmoides and Tribulus terrestris ( Qi et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eucommia ulmoides bark extract reduces blood pressure and inflammation by regulating the gut microbiota and enriching the Parabacteroides strain in high-salt diet and N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester induced mice

Yan

Zhou

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Hypertension is a major threat to human health. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (EU) is a small tree and EU extract is widely used to improve hypertension in East Asia. However, its major constituents have poor absorption and stay in the gut for a long time. The role of the gut microbiota in the anti-hypertensive effects of EU is unclear. Here, we examined the anti-hypertensive effects of EU in high-salt diet and N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) induced mice. After receiving EU for 6 weeks, the blood pressure was significantly reduced and the kidney injury was improved. Additionally, EU restored the levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as serum interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17A, and renal IL-17A. The diversity and composition of the gut microbiota were influenced by administration of EU; 40 significantly upregulated and 107 significantly downregulated amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were identified after administration of EU. ASV403 (Parabacteroides) was selected as a potential anti-hypertensive ASV. Its closest strain XGB65 was isolated. Furthermore, animal studies confirmed that Parabacteroides strain XGB65 exerted anti-hypertensive effects, possibly by reducing levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as renal IL-17A. Our study is the first to report that EU reduces blood pressure by regulating the gut microbiota, and it enriches the Parabacteroides strain, which exerts anti-hypertensive effects. These findings provide directions for developing novel anti-hypertensive treatments by combining probiotics and prebiotics.

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Enterococcus faecalis contributes to hypertension and renal injury in Sprague-Dawley rats by disturbing lipid metabolism

Cited by 15 publications

References 47 publications

Effects of Virgin Olive Oil on Blood Pressure and Renal Aminopeptidase Activities in Male Wistar Rats

Effects of Virgin Olive Oil on Blood Pressure and Renal Aminopeptidase Activities in Male Wistar Rats

Probiotic Lactobacilli ameliorate alcohol-induced hepatic damage via gut microbial alteration

Eucommia ulmoides bark extract reduces blood pressure and inflammation by regulating the gut microbiota and enriching the Parabacteroides strain in high-salt diet and N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester induced mice

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