Enteric Viruses and Diarrhea in HIV-Infected Patients

Grohmann, Gary; Glass, Roger I.; Pereira, H. G.; Monroe, Stephan S.; Hightower, Allen W.; Weber, Rainer; Bryan, Ralph T.

doi:10.1056/nejm199307013290103

Cited by 290 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The genome is composed by two (2.6 a 1.9 Kbp) or three (2.9; 2.4; 0.9 Kbp) segments of dsRNA (27). However, its presence has not been correlated with clinical diarrhea situations, except in humans infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and with clinical AIDS signs (14). 13 (3.4%) of the 378 feces samples analyzed by PAGE in this study had two dsRNA segments with molecular mass, and consequently migration profile, compatible with PBV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Segmented double-stranded genomic RNA viruses in fecal samples from broiler chicken

Tamehiro

Alfieri

Médici

2003

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Segmented double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses were identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) technique in fecal samples from broiler chicken. A total of 378 fecal samples from 1-7 weeks old chickens were analyzed. dsRNA with migration profile characteristic of avian rotavirus (AvRV), reovirus (ARV) or picobirnavirus (PBV) was identified in 32 (8.5%), 7 (1.8%) and 13 (3.4%) samples, respectively. AvRV and ARV occurred more frequently in chickens up to 1 month old and were related with enteritis signs. Considering only fecal samples of chickens with diarrhea, the AvRV was detected in 37.8% (14/37) and the ARV in 13.5% (5/37) of analyzed samples. AvRV was identified in only 1.5% (4/274) and ARV was not detected in normal feces collected from assymptomatic chickens (controls). PBV dsRNA was detected in broiler chickens from two to seven weeks old, more frequently in feces with pasty consistency. The AvRV showed great electrophoretic profile variability in the dsRNA segments and nine different electropherotypes were identified. Variation in genome pattern was not observed in either ARV or PBV.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Segmented double-stranded genomic RNA viruses in fecal samples from broiler chicken

Tamehiro

Alfieri

Médici

2003

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…This is a common cause of hospital outbreaks of gastro-enteritis. 18,19 However, none of the other patients had a similar isolate. The same patient later excreted adenovirus as well.…”

Section: Disseminated Echovirus and Othermentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Other enteric viruses have been reported to cause diarrhoea in patients with AIDS. 18 However, their significance in the BMT population remains unclear. We detected SRSV, which belongs to the calicivirus family, in one of our patients with diarrhoea.…”

Section: Disseminated Echovirus and Othermentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of viruses from stools in stem cell transplant recipients: a prospective surveillance study

Chakrabarti

Collingham

Stevens

et al. 2000

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Summary:We prospectively examined stool specimens for enteric viruses in 75 stem cell transplant recipients (autologous 48, allogeneic 27) to determine the frequency and significance of these infections. Only six patients (8%) had a positive isolate. Five of these were allograft recipients (18%) compared to one autograft recipient (2%) (P = 0.02). Unrelated donor BMT recipients were at the highest risk for a viral isolate (OR = 10.5). Adenovirus was the commonest isolate (four patients). One patient each had an echovirus, enterovirus and small round structured virus identified. No correlation was found between the severity of gastro-intestinal symptoms and detection of a viral pathogen. There was no correlation with GVHD or CMV status. The only risk factor identified for isolation of an enterovirus was allogeneic BMT from an unrelated donor. There was a negative correlation with PBSC grafts. All the patients infected with an enteric virus had concomitant infection with other pathogens, compared to only 18% of uninfected patients (P = 0.001). The non-relapse mortality of the infected patients was 50% and only 7% in the uninfected patients (P = 0.01, OR = 12.5), although the isolated virus was the direct cause of death in one patient only. This study indicates a low rate of enteric virus isolation in recipients of PBSC grafts, both autologous and allogeneic. However, unrelated donor BMT is associated with a higher risk of enteric virus infection and an adverse outcome. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2000) 25, 277-282.

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“…[1][2][3][4] Multiple infectious pathogens including bacteria, mycobacteria, viruses, and parasites have been implicated as causes of diarrheal illness in patients infected with HIV. [5][6][7] The etiology of diarrheal disease appears to vary by geographic region. 8,9 In patients with HIV in Africa, diarrheal disease and wasting are a more common complication of HIV infection than they are in the United States and Western Europe, and parasitic pathogens, such as Cryptosporidium parvum, appear to be a more frequent etiologic agents than in the United States and Western Europe.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrheal disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Bangkok, Thailand.

Wanke

Cohan²,

Thummakul³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Enteric Viruses and Diarrhea in HIV-Infected Patients

Abstract: Novel enteric viruses such as astrovirus and picobirnavirus may be more important etiologic agents of diarrhea in HIV-infected patients than previously recognized and may be more common than either bacterial or parasitic enteropathogens.

Cited by 290 publications

References 46 publications

Segmented double-stranded genomic RNA viruses in fecal samples from broiler chicken

Segmented double-stranded genomic RNA viruses in fecal samples from broiler chicken

Isolation of viruses from stools in stem cell transplant recipients: a prospective surveillance study

Diarrheal disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Bangkok, Thailand.

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