Enteral Electrolyte Solutions With Different Osmolarities: Clinical and Laboratory Assessment in Equines

Filho, José Dantas Ribeiro; Farias, Sheila Kreutzfeld de; Fonseca, Leandro Abreu da; Avanza, Marcel Ferreira Bastos; Dantas, Waleska de Melo Ferreira; Dias, Domingos Cachineiro Rodrigues; Monteiro, Lorena Chaves; Ribeiro, Bruna Maria; Dantas, Fernanda Timbó D'el Rey

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2015.06.019

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Regarding urinary specific gravity, the difference observed between treatments in the T2-6h and T10-12h period indicates that HypoES was absorbed in a greater quantity than the IsoES. These results agree with studies that evaluated the effects of enteral hypotonic solutions in adult horses (11,14,31).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Thus, in the IsoES group larger volume of fluid remains within the bowel loops, resulting in higher water content stools. These results agree to those observed in the urinary volume and with trials comparing the effects of hypo and isotonic enteral electrolyte solutions in adult horses (11,12,32). The efficacy of enteral hypotonic solutions has been observed in human patients with gastrointestinal tract infections, even in cases of secretory diarrhea (31,33,34).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The efficacy of enteral hypotonic solutions has been observed in human patients with gastrointestinal tract infections, even in cases of secretory diarrhea (31,33,34). Currently, studies conducted in humans (31,(35)(36)(37) and animals (11,35,38) have shown that hypotonic enteral electrolyte solutions are most effective in rehydrating without causing hyponatremia. While this effect has been tested and proved in horses, cattle and calves, this is the first study that compares the effect of an IsoES and HypoES in weaned foals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, it was assumed that isotonic electrolyte solutions with plasma-like osmolarity would improve intestinal absorption. Recent studies have shown that decreased tonicity of enteral rehydration solutions resulted in better effects on water and electrolyte absorption without causing adverse effects (10,11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Hypotonic and Isotonic Enteral Electrolyte Solutions Administered in Continuous Flow in Weaned Foals

et al. 2020

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The effects of fluid therapy with maintenance enteral electrolytic solutions administered by nasogastric route in continuous flow have not previously been studied in weaned foals. This study primary goal was to compare the effects of two maintenance enteral electrolytic solutions administered by nasogastric route in continuous flow on the hydro electrolytic balance in weaned foals. This paper was a controlled trial in a cross-over design (6 × 2) performed in six foals with a mean age of 7.3 ± 1.4 months; each animal received two treatments, IsoES and HypoES, with an interval of 7 days between treatments. After 12 h of fasting, the animals were treated with enteral electrolyte solutions administered via nasogastric route in continuous flow in a volume of 15 mL/kg/h for 12 h. The evaluations were performed at T-12h (the beginning of the fasting), T0h (end of fasting and beginning of fluid therapy), T4h (4 h of fluid therapy), T8h (8 h of fluid therapy), T12h (end of fluid therapy), and T24h (12 h after the end of fluid therapy). Twelve hours of fasting resulted in a reduction (P < 0.05) in body weight, abdominal circumference, whereas serum sodium, SID and enophthalmos increased. Twelve hours of fluid therapy normalized these parameters and promoted increased urinary volume and decreased urinary density without causing electrolyte imbalances. Both enteral electrolytic solutions were effective in reestablishing clinical and laboratorial variables without causing electrolyte imbalances.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Hypotonic and Isotonic Enteral Electrolyte Solutions Administered in Continuous Flow in Weaned Foals

et al. 2020

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“…The administration of electrolytic solutions through the nasogastric route is also routinely used in horses, but to a lesser extent when compared to the intravenous modality. Enteral fluid therapy (EFT) via the nasogastric route has been studied with excellent results in the equine species (2)(3)(4). In EFT electrolyte solutions are infused directly into the gastrointestinal tract in order to be absorbed towards the plasma compartment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Trial of Continuous Flow Enteral and Intravenous Fluid Therapy in Horses

et al. 2021

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Continuous flow enteral fluid therapy with isotonic and hypotonic enteral electrolyte solutions are as safe and effective as intravenous fluid therapy. The aim of this study was to carry out a comparative assessment between continuous flow enteral and intravenous (IV) fluid therapy in adult experimentally dehydrated horses. Six experimentally dehydrated adult mares were used in a study carried out in a 6 × 3 crossover design, which each animal received three different treatments (isotonic enteral fluid therapy—EsISO, hypotonic enteral fluid therapy—EsHYPO and intravenous fluid therapy with Lactate Ringer Solution—LR IV, all in continuous flow). Solutions were administered at a rate of 15 mL−1.kg−1.h−1 for 8 h, after 36 h of water and food deprivation. Serum and urinary biochemical assessment; urinary volume, pH and specific gravity; and blood gas analysis were measured at −36, 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h. The dehydration period (DP) caused discrete hydroelectrolytic and acid base imbalances. The EsISO, EsHYPO and LR IV increased blood volume. Enteral solutions restored the imbalances yielded by the DP and all treatments increased urine volume. Also, the EsHYPO and LR IV showed no effects in acid base balance, while EsISO showed slightly acidifying effect. The present study certifies the efficacy and safety of isotonic and hypotonic continuous flow enteral fluid therapy in comparison to IV fluid therapy in dehydrated horses.

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Enteral electrolytic solutions administered in continuous flow via naso-ruminal route in adult goats

Santos

Viana

Avanza

et al. 2020

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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This study aimed to investigate the effects of maintenance enteral electrolytic solutions administered naso-ruminally in continuous flow in adult goats subjected to water and food restriction. Six adult non-pregnant and non-lactating female goats, aged between two and five years old, were used in a crossover (6 × 2) study. Solution 1 (SEE1) comprised: 4.5 g sodium chloride (NaCl); 1 g potassium chloride (KCl); 0.5 g magnesium chloride (MgCl); 1 g calcium chloride in 1,000 m l of water (measured osmolarity: 202 mOsm/ l ). Solution 2 (SEE2) comprised: 4.5 g of NaCl; 1 g of KCl; 0.5 g of MgCl; 2 g of calcium acetate in 1,000 m l of water (measured osmolarity: 212 mOsm/ l ). The solutions were administered naso-ruminally at a dose rate of 15 m l /kg/hr, for 12 hr. The animals were evaluated at times T-24, T0, T4, T8, T12, and T24. Both enteral electrolytic solutions were effective in expanding blood volume. SEE1 showed a low-intensity acidifying potential, while SEE2 showed behavior of a neutral enteral electrolytic solution.

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Enteral Electrolyte Solutions With Different Osmolarities: Clinical and Laboratory Assessment in Equines

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Effects of Hypotonic and Isotonic Enteral Electrolyte Solutions Administered in Continuous Flow in Weaned Foals

Effects of Hypotonic and Isotonic Enteral Electrolyte Solutions Administered in Continuous Flow in Weaned Foals

Comparative Trial of Continuous Flow Enteral and Intravenous Fluid Therapy in Horses

Enteral electrolytic solutions administered in continuous flow via naso-ruminal route in adult goats

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