Enoxacin in lower respiratory tract infections

Wijnands, W. J. A.; Griethuysen, A. J. A. van; Vree, T. B.; Klingeren, B. Van; Herwaarden, C.L.A. van

doi:10.1093/jac/18.6.719

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…In some of these patients, this interaction gave rise to signs and symptoms of theophylline toxicity (Davies et al, 1984;Wijnands et al, 1985a). The present study confirms this interaction in subjects with stable pulmonary disease, whose only simultaneous treat-…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

The influence of quinolone derivatives on theophylline clearance.

Wijnands¹,

Vree²,

Herwaarden³

1986

Brit J Clinical Pharma

242

118

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1 Enoxacin decreases the metabolic clearance of the bronchodilator theophylline not only in severely ill patients, but also in patients with stable chronic obstructive airways disease.2 In this comparative study, significantly increased plasma theophylline concentrations were measured during co-administration of enoxacin (110.9%) and, to a lesser degree, also during co-administration of pefloxacin (19.6%) and ciprofloxacin (22.8%). 3 Total body clearance of theophylline was significantly decreased by enoxacin (63.6%), ciprofloxacin (30.4%) and pefloxacin (29.4%). The pharmacokinetic parameters of theophylline did not change during co-administration of ofloxacin and nalidixic acid. 4 There is growing evidence that the observed interaction is caused not by the parent drugs, but by the 4-oxo metabolite of enoxacin, pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin.Keywords quinolone 4-oxo quinolone enoxacin pefloxacin ciprofloxacin ofloxacin nalidixic acid theophylline interaction lower respiratory tract infections

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

The influence of quinolone derivatives on theophylline clearance.

Wijnands¹,

Vree²,

Herwaarden³

1986

Brit J Clinical Pharma

242

118

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“…Studies indicate that Ethiopia is among the six producers of Sesame seed, Linseed and Niger seed in the world [1]. In Ethiopia oilseeds cover a total of 7.63% (about 855,000 hectares) of the grain crop area and 3.83% (6.6 million quintals) of yield production to the national grain production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Sesame Roasting Parameters and Level of Ingredients for Sesame Fat Spread Production

Mijena¹

2017

IJNFS

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Abstract:The present study was carried out to standardize roasting operation for production of superior quality sesame fat spread by optimizing roasting temperature, roasting time, selecting suitable food additives and their proportion. Central composite design (CCD) was used for planning experimental design. Four factors: roasting temperature (180-220°C), roasting time (10-20 min.), sugar (4-6%) and lecithin (0.8-1.2) were evaluated with respect to overall acceptability, texture profile analysis and L*, a*, b* color values. The optimized roasting conditions and level of ingredients for making superior quality sesame fat spread was found to be: roasting temperature at 180°C for 20 min and incorporating 7.3% sugar, 1.2% of lecithin, 5% hydrogenated vegetable oil and 1.2% salt. The average chemical composition of sesame fat spread was found to be moisture 0.26%, protein 27.0%, crude fat 53.51%, total carbohydrates 16.31%, crude fiber 13.23%, ash 3.15%, phytic acid 4.64%, oxalic acid 0.73mg/g. Sesame Fat Spread is categorized among nutraceutical and functional foods and healthy alternative product which can be eaten as spread on bread, biscuit sandwiches, salad dressing and in soups.

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“…An open study to evaluate the efficacy of enoxacin in respiratory tract infections with particular attention to those caused by P. aeruginosa was performed (40). During this study posttherapy sputum specimens from 12 patients yielded P. aeruginosa strains with decreased susceptibilities * Corresponding author.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A pleiotropic, posttherapy, enoxacin-resistant mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Piddock

Hall

Bellido

et al. 1992

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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An enoxacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutant (G49) isolated during patient therapy was characterized in detail. The G49 mutant was cross resistant to several classes of antibiotics including quinolones, I-lactams, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline, but not imipenem or aminoglycosides. Compared with its paired pretherapy isolate G48, this mutant had several alterations in outer membrane proteins including a complete loss of the major porin protein OprF and a substantially altered lipopolysaccharide profile. Revertants were selected at a frequency of approximately 1% after enrichment for OprF+ cells on low-salt proteose peptone no. 2 medium. Ninety-seven of these OprF+ revertants were as susceptible to carbenicillin and norfloxacin as the pretherapy isolate. One of these revertants was characterized in more detail and shown to be indistinguishable in all properties from the pretherapy isolate. It is proposed that the multiple-antibiotic-resistance (Mar) phenotype of this mutant resulted from a single pleiotropic mutation.Enoxacin is a difluorinated quinolone with strong activity for gram-negative bacteria (7,41). Enoxacin is now marketed in 11 countries, including South America, the United Kingdom, and other parts of Europe, for use in the therapy of urinary tract infections and in some countries for respiratory tract infections. As in other bacteria, the primary target for quinolones in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is DNA gyrase. nalA, nfxA, norA, and cipA are alleles ofgyrA and encode A subunits that are less susceptible to inhibition by quinolones (14,16,33,34). Other mutations affecting quinolone activity, but not DNA gyrase, in P. aeruginosa have also been described. Many laboratory mutants contain alleles of nalB and require nalidixic acid MICs of >500 ,ug/ml and are cross resistant to carbenicillin, ureidopenicillins, chloramphenicol, and novobiocin (33, 34). Resistant strains have arisen during experimental P. aeruginosa infections, with several classes of mutants isolated with mutations resembling naL4 and nfxC (10,22,23). Quinolone-resistant P. aeruginosa isolated from patients may also have the nal4 or nalB phenotype (43) or a nalB-like phenotype lacking OprF. Such strains have been isolated from patients with chronic obstructive airway disease (30), burn wound sepsis (17), cystic fibrosis (6), and empyema (20). While several strains with decreased susceptibilities to several agents have been isolated, which suggests a mutation in nalB, there are biochemical differences that are commensurate with different mutations encoding multiple resistance. Some quinolone-resistant P. aeruginosa strains contain a new 54-kDa outer membrane protein (14, 18) or lack a 31.5-kDa outer membrane protein (9, 17), possibly OprF, or have decreased levels of proteins D2 and Hi or Gl (5,20,23). Several workers have also reported changes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (6,18,34).An open study to evaluate the efficacy of enoxacin in respiratory tract infections with particular attention to those caused by P. aeruginosa was perform...

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Enoxacin in lower respiratory tract infections

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

The influence of quinolone derivatives on theophylline clearance.

The influence of quinolone derivatives on theophylline clearance.

Optimization of Sesame Roasting Parameters and Level of Ingredients for Sesame Fat Spread Production

A pleiotropic, posttherapy, enoxacin-resistant mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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