Enhancement of photoelectrochemical activity of nanocrystalline CdS photoanode by surface modification with TiO2 for hydrogen production and electricity generation

Zhong, Min; Shi, Jingying; Xiong, Fengqiang; Zhang, Wenhua; Li, Can

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2011.12.006

Cited by 51 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Other features worth mentioning include visible light active materials, chemical stability, noncorrosive in electrolyte, and low cost [227]. Table 6 illustrates some photoactive materials applied as semiconductors in photoelectrocatalytic water splitting, such as TiO 2 thin film, TiO 2 nanotubes, WO 3 , WO 3 decorated with Ag, composites of WO 3 /TiO 2 , CdS-TiO 2 , and BiO x /TiO 2 [14,[233][234][235][236][237][238][239][240][241][242]. The major difference between these materials reported lies in the light source used for the electrode activation and electrolyte composition.…”

Section: Hydrogen Generation By Photoelectrocatalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The energy-time normalized H 2 collection is another interesting aspect that Paulose and coworkers reported [233], expressing the direct influence of light power consumption on gas production. CdS surface modification by the addition of TiO 2 affected differently the evolution of hydrogen showing the effect of morphology (30.3 mmol h −1 cm −2 ) [242], which is dominant when compared to simple material combination (11 μmol h −1 ) [241]. Among WO 3 electrodes, thin film morphology presented the highest hydrogen generation rate of 0.13 mmol h −1 [236] followed by nanoflakes (28 μmol h −1 cm −2 ) [235] and nanoporous (9.5 μmol h −1 ) [237] structures.…”

Section: Hydrogen Generation By Photoelectrocatalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Achievements and Trends in Photoelectrocatalysis: from Environmental to Energy Applications

et al. 2015

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The great versatility of semiconductor materials and the possibility of generation of electrons, holes, hydroxyl radicals, and/or superoxide radicals have increased the applicability of photoelectrocatalysis dramatically in the contemporary world. Photoelectrocatalysis takes advantage of the heterogeneous photocatalytic process by applying a biased potential on a photoelectrode in which the catalyst is supported. This configuration allows more effectiveness of the separation of photogenerated charges due to light irradiation with energy being higher compared to that of the band gap energy of the semiconductor, which thereby leads to an increase in the lifetime of the electron-hole pairs. This work presents a compiled and critical review of photoelectrocatalysis, trends and future prospects of the technique applied in environmental protection studies, hydrogen generation, and water disinfection. Special attention will be focused on the applications of TiO 2 and the production of nanometric morphologies with a great improvement in the photocatalyst properties useful for the degradation of organic pollutants, the reduction of inorganic contaminants, the conversion of CO 2 , microorganism inactivation, and water splitting for hydrogen generation.

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Section: Hydrogen Generation By Photoelectrocatalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydrogen Generation By Photoelectrocatalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Achievements and Trends in Photoelectrocatalysis: from Environmental to Energy Applications

et al. 2015

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“…The calculated bond length of the Fe-O in PWC was about 0.03 Å smaller than the calculated PW91 and PBE, which was about 1.96 Å. All calculated bond lengths of the Ti-O and Fe-O were in normal range [16]. The band gap of TiO 2 and Fe 2 O 3 in these three methods were similar at about 0.076 Ha (2.06 eV) and 0.03 Ha (0.81 eV), respectively ( Figure 6).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…[14], CdTe [15] and CdS [16], that can absorb visible light. Here, investigation TiO 2 passivated by hematite-Fe 2 O 3 is reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TiO2 DOPED WITH Fe2O3 FOR PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL WATER SPLITTING ELECTRODE: EXPERIMENTAL AND DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY STUDY

Arifin¹,

Kadir

Minggu³

et al. 2016

MJAS

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Various modifications of the titanium dioxide thin films have been done in fulfilling the photoelectrode requirements for photoelectrochemical water splitting reaction. In this study, surface passivation of TiO 2 by hematite-Fe 2 O 3 was reported. Electrodeposition technique was used to deposit the Fe 2 O 3 onto the TiO 2 /FTO film with variation of time. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopic analyses were used to characterize the electrode. Plane-wave-based pseudopotential density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to analyze the electronic structure and charge potential at the surface of the electrode. The photocurrent measurement showed that current density of TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 electrode was higher than the TiO 2 /FTO under the same illumination intensity of 100 mWcm -2 . The highest current density was produced by 5 minutes electrodeposition of Fe 2 O 3 , which also shifted the absorption to visible region at the threshold wavelength of 518 nm.Keywords : titanium dioxide, iron(III) oxide, passivation layer, band gap Abstrak Pelbagai pengubahsuaian titanium dioksida filem nipis telah dilakukan untuk memenuhi keperluan fotoelektrod bagi tindak balas fotoelektrokimia pembelahan molekul air. Dalam kajian ini, dilaporkan pempasifan permukaan TiO 2 dengan bijih besi-Fe 2 O 3 . Teknik pengelektroenapan digunakan untuk mendepositkan Fe 2 O 3 ke TiO 2 /FTO filem dengan pelbagai masa pengelektroenapan. Analisis XRD, SEM dan UV-Vis spektroskopi telah digunakan untuk mencirikan elektrod. pengiraan teori fungsi ketumpatan (DFT) berasaskan planar gelombang pseudopotential telah digunakan untuk menganalisis struktur elektronik dan potensi caj di permukaan elektrod. Pengukuran arusfoto menunjukkan bahawa ketumpatan arus TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 elektrod adalah lebih tinggi daripada TiO 2 /FTO bawah keamatan pencahayaan yang sama, 100 mWcm -2 . Ketumpatan semasa tertinggi dihasilkan oleh 5 minit pengelektroenapan Fe 2 O 3 , yang mana penyerapan beralih ke kawasan yang boleh dilihat pada panjang gelombang ambang 518 nm.Kata kunci: titanium dioksida, ferum (III) oksida, lapisan pasif, sela jalur

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“…For instance, TiO 2 can be used in conjunction with another metal oxide to alter the electronic structure for enhancing visible light absorption [7][8][9]. Likewise, elemental doping using metal or nonmetal, such as nitrogen [10,11], chromium [12], and other transition metals [13][14][15], have been used to generate donor or acceptor states in the bandgap to extend the absorption from UV to longer wavelengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some interesting properties of black hydrogen-treated TiO2 nanowires and their potential application in solar energy conversion

Zhang

2015

Sci. China Chem.

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Hydrogen treatment has been proposed as a simple and effective strategy to enhance the performance of TiO 2 nanostructures for applications such as photocatalysis and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. While some studies have suggested that the black color can be ascribed to surface disorder, other reports have suggested that it is caused by the "oxygen vacancy" states associated with Ti 3+ within the bandgap of the TiO 2 . The chemical nature and potential use of the bandgap states responsible for the black color of increased visible absorption is not yet well understood and subject of strong interest. Here we briefly review current understanding of the possible mechanisms behind the black color of hydrogen-treated TiO 2 nanowires and its relevance to photocatalysis and solar water splitting for hydrogen generation. One important conclusion to date is that while hydrogen treatment enhances photocurrent of TiO 2 with UV excitation, no noticeable photocurrent can be detected with visible light, which seems to be due to the very short lifetimes of the bandgap oxygen vacancy states arising from hydrogen treatment.black TiO 2 , photoelectrochemical water splitting, TiO 2 nanowires, hydrogen treatment, oxygen vacancy

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Enhancement of photoelectrochemical activity of nanocrystalline CdS photoanode by surface modification with TiO2 for hydrogen production and electricity generation

Cited by 51 publications

References 32 publications

Achievements and Trends in Photoelectrocatalysis: from Environmental to Energy Applications

Achievements and Trends in Photoelectrocatalysis: from Environmental to Energy Applications

TiO2 DOPED WITH Fe2O3 FOR PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL WATER SPLITTING ELECTRODE: EXPERIMENTAL AND DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY STUDY

Some interesting properties of black hydrogen-treated TiO2 nanowires and their potential application in solar energy conversion

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