Enhanced sensitization and elicitation responses caused by mixtures of common fragrance allergens

Bonefeld, Charlotte M.; Nielsen, Morten Milek; Rubin, Ingrid Maria Cecilia; Vennegaard, Marie T.; Dabelsteen, Sally; Giménez‐Arnau, Elena; Lepoittevin, Jean‐Pierre; Geisler, Carsten; Johansen, Jeanne Duus

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2011.01945.x

Cited by 77 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A recent study by Bonefeld et al (33) has indeed shown that mixtures have increased potency in sensitization and the elicitation of contact allergic reactions as compared with isolated fragrance allergens. These results may explain why fragrance allergy is a prevalent phenomenon in spite of the fact that many fragrance allergens are categorized as weak sensitizers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Results of patch testing with fragrance mix 1, fragrance mix 2, and their ingredients, and Myroxylon pereirae and colophonium, over a 21‐year period

et al. 2013

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FM 1 and FM 2, not only reflect normal exposure to perfumes, but also provide the optimal stimulus to the immune system, and thereby have high diagnostic ability. Hence, in the light of the Bonefeld study, false‐negative reactions to the ingredients certainly also accounts for this phenomenon (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results of patch testing with fragrance mix 1, fragrance mix 2, and their ingredients, and Myroxylon pereirae and colophonium, over a 21‐year period

et al. 2013

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“…In the challenged skin the CTLs are activated and induce the inflammatory response. In a widely used animal model for contact hypersensitivity, mice are sensitized and challenged on the ears with haptens/allergens such as DNFB and the ensuing inflammatory response is then measured by determining the swelling of the ears 29–31,40,41. To investigate the role of MID1 in CTL responses in vivo, we sensitized C57BL/6 and MID1 -/- mice with DNFB on their ears for three consecutive days and challenged them with DNFB on their ears three weeks later.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midline 1 controls polarization and migration of murine cytotoxic T cells

Boding

Hansen

Nielsen

et al. 2014

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Midline 1 (MID1) is a microtubule-associated ubiquitin ligase that regulates protein phosphatase 2 A levels. Loss-of-function mutations in MID1 lead to the human X-linked Opitz G/BBB (OS) syndrome characterized by defective midline development during embryogenesis. We have recently shown that MID1 is strongly up-regulated in murine cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and that it has a significant impact on exocytosis of lytic granules and the killing capacity of CTLs. The aims of the present study were to determine the localization of MID1 in migrating CTLs, and to investigate whether MID1 affects CTL polarization and migration. We found that MID1 mainly localizes to the uropod of migrating CTLs and that it has a substantial impact on CTL polarization and migration in vitro. Furthermore, analysis of contact hypersensitivity responses supported that MID1 controls effector functions of CTLs in hapten-challenged skin in vivo. These results provide significant new knowledge on the role of MID1 in CTL biology.

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“…It has to be considered that such combinations may facilitate chemical penetration into the skin, thereby increasing local concentrations. In addition, the combination of contact allergens or of contact allergens and irritants may lead to synergistic or additive effects that amplify innate immune and stress responses ( Figure 1A,B) [45][46][47]. This may lead to sensitizations not observed with single compounds which can be explained mechanistically [48,49].…”

Section: Heterologous Innate Immune Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Understanding of Contact Allergy

Martin

2016

Cosmetics

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Cosmetic products contain potential contact allergens or precursors that require metabolic conversion or oxidation to generate contact allergens. The most relevant contact allergens are fragrances and preservatives. These substances can pose hazards to human health due to their ability to activate T cells that can cause allergic contact dermatitis, an inflammatory skin disease. In recent years, much progress has been made in the elucidation of the mechanistic basis for immune system activation by contact allergens. This is essential for the development of better diagnostic tools, targeted therapies and animal-free in vitro assays for contact allergen identification. This overview will highlight some aspects of the activation of innate and adaptive immune responses by contact allergens.

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Enhanced sensitization and elicitation responses caused by mixtures of common fragrance allergens

Abstract: Our findings suggest that mixtures of allergens increase the primary response that potentiates the generation of memory T cells in response to the specific allergen. Thus, allergen mixtures enhance both induction and elicitation of contact allergy.

Cited by 77 publications

References 16 publications

Results of patch testing with fragrance mix 1, fragrance mix 2, and their ingredients, and Myroxylon pereirae and colophonium, over a 21‐year period

Results of patch testing with fragrance mix 1, fragrance mix 2, and their ingredients, and Myroxylon pereirae and colophonium, over a 21‐year period

Midline 1 controls polarization and migration of murine cytotoxic T cells

Mechanistic Understanding of Contact Allergy

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