Enhanced platelet apoptosis in chronic uremic patients

Li, Ming; Wang, Zhaoyue; Ma, Tongling; Lu, Guoyuan; Yan, Rong; Zhao, Lili; Deng, Kun; Dai, Kesheng

doi:10.3109/0886022x.2014.899473

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…With this in mind, it is well known that there is an increased platelet destruction and production in some patients with primary gout [95, 96] and that platelet apoptosis and microparticles derived from platelets, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and/or endothelial cells are higher in subjects with CVD [97–99], dyslipidemia [100], and metabolic syndrome [101]. On the other hand, lipid-lowering treatment [100] and the XO inhibitor febuxostat [102] were shown to decrease microparticle count.…”

Section: Measurement Of Reactive Species In Leukocytes and Platelementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Marrocco

Altieri

Peluso

2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

618

500

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Oxidative stress is the result of the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. Biomarkers of oxidative stress are relevant in the evaluation of the disease status and of the health-enhancing effects of antioxidants. We aim to discuss the major methodological bias of methods used for the evaluation of oxidative stress in humans. There is a lack of consensus concerning the validation, standardization, and reproducibility of methods for the measurement of the following: (1) ROS in leukocytes and platelets by flow cytometry, (2) markers based on ROS-induced modifications of lipids, DNA, and proteins, (3) enzymatic players of redox status, and (4) total antioxidant capacity of human body fluids. It has been suggested that the bias of each method could be overcome by using indexes of oxidative stress that include more than one marker. However, the choice of the markers considered in the global index should be dictated by the aim of the study and its design, as well as by the clinical relevance in the selected subjects. In conclusion, the clinical significance of biomarkers of oxidative stress in humans must come from a critical analysis of the markers that should give an overall index of redox status in particular conditions.

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Section: Measurement Of Reactive Species In Leukocytes and Platelementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Marrocco

Altieri

Peluso

2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

618

500

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“…Additionally, uremia appears to have an impact on the cytoskeletal structure of platelets, which are found to have lower levels of actin, inhibiting contractile mechanisms and mobility. 61 These and other changes account for the bleeding aspect caused by uremia.…”

Section: Thrombosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology of Hemodialysis Vascular Access Failure

Brahmbhatt

Misra

2016

Semin intervent Radiol

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Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are essential for patients and clinicians faced with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). While this method of vascular access for hemodialysis is preferred to others due to its reduced rate of infection and complications, they are plagued by intimal hyperplasia. The pathogenesis of intimal hyperplasia and subsequent thrombosis is brought on by uremia, hypoxia, and shear stress. These forces upregulate inflammatory and proliferative cytokines acting on leukocytes, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and platelets. This activation begins initially with the progression of uremia, which induces platelet dysfunction and primes the body for an inflammatory response. The vasculature subsequently undergoes changes in oxygenation and shear stress during AVF creation. This propagates a strong inflammatory response in the vessel leading to cellular proliferation. This combined response is then further subjected to the stressors of cannulation and dialysis, eventually leading to stenosis and thrombosis. This review aims to help interventional radiologists understand the biological changes and pathogenesis of access failure.

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“…Instead a large number of studies using experimental models and human subjects have shown that uremia is associated with apoptosis in a wide range of cells and tissues such as skeletal muscle [19,20] , myocardium [21] , platelets [22,23] , monocytes [24] , neutro phils [25] , lymphocytes [26] , leukocytes [27] and vascular endothelial cells [28] . The kidney has also been shown as a target for apoptosis in uremia with both podocytes [29] and proximal tubular cells identified as having increased apoptotic cell death [30] .…”

Section: Uremia Induced Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and uremia: Is there cellular and molecular crossover?

White

Yaqoob

Harwood

2015

WJN

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immune systems. However, whilst much has been documented about the shared physical characteristics of aging and uremia, the molecular and cellular similarities between the two have received less attention. In order to bridge this perceived gap we have reviewed published research concerning the common molecular processes seen in aging subjects and CKD patients, with specific attention to altered proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, post-translational protein modification, and senescence and telomere attrition. We have also sought to illustrate how the cell death and survival pathways apoptosis, necroptosis and autophagy are closely interrelated, and how an understanding of these overlapping pathways is helpful in order to appreciate the shared molecular basis behind the pathophysiology of aging and uremia. This analysis revealed many common molecular characteristics and showed similar patterns of cellular dysfunction. We conclude that the accelerated aging seen in patients with CKD is underpinned at the molecular level, and that a greater understanding of these molecular processes might eventually lead to new much needed therapeutic strategies of benefit to patients with renal disease. AbstractMany observers have noted that the morphological changes that occur in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients resemble those seen in the geriatric population, with strikingly similar morbidity and mortality profiles and rates of frailty in the two groups, and shared characteristics at a pathophysiological level especially in respect to the changes seen in their vascular and REVIEW

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Enhanced platelet apoptosis in chronic uremic patients

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

The Biology of Hemodialysis Vascular Access Failure

Aging and uremia: Is there cellular and molecular crossover?

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