Enhanced performance and lifetime of lithium-ion batteries by laser structuring of graphite anodes

Kriegler, Johannes; Hille, Lucas; Stock, Sandro; Kraft, Ludwig; Hagemeister, Jan; Habedank, Jan Bernd; Jossen, Andreas; Zaeh, Michael F.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117693

Cited by 57 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Overall, our simulations demonstrate that perforation is a very effective strategy to reduce lithium plating during fast charging of the battery. This result is in excellent agreement with the observations of Chen et al and Kriegler et al , who reported significant improvements in the cycle life.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies ,− have highlighted that electrode structuring is indeed an efficient strategy to reduce mass transport limitations. Chen et al, and more recently Kriegler et al, demonstrated that batteries with electrode microstructures modified by laser treatment allow charging rates as high as 6 C, which is even beyond the current targets of the battery program of the US Department of Energy . Furthermore, similar studies using laser perforation and mechanical structuring techniques are presented in the literature, , and some authors even investigate the application of such techniques in industrial LIB manufacturing processes. , The experimental work on laser structuring of electrodes is also supported by simulation studies using continuum models to reproduce the experimental setup ,, and identify optimal parameters and configurations. , These studies demonstrate that perforation creates a hierarchical pore network with macroscopic transport pathways between the anode and cathode, which reduces concentration gradients and improves the performance of the cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…We choose a square grid with a hole distance of 200 μm and cylindrical holes with a diameter of 40 μm. The properties are in line with values reported in the literature. , These parameters result in a capacity loss of ≈0.13 mA h cm –2 (3.1%).…”

Section: Simulation Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the experiments, typically, conical holes are observed. , Therefore, we additionally investigate the effect of the hole geometry by removing the active material and binder in conically shaped holes with different angles. The volume of the holes is the same, resulting in electrodes with the same nominal capacity.…”

Section: Simulation Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One route toward batteries with higher energy density and at the same time sufficient fast charging capabilities is a three-dimensional (3D) structuring of the electrodes. Previous studies ,− have highlighted that electrode structuring is indeed an efficient strategy to reduce mass transport limitations. Chen et al, and more recently Kriegler et al, demonstrated that batteries with electrode microstructures modified by laser treatment allow charging rates as high as 6 C, which is even beyond the current targets of the battery program of the US Department of Energy .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Beneficial Effects of Three-Dimensional Structured Electrodes for the Fast Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Lauri

Krumbein

Hein

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Lithium-ion batteries are the dominating electrochemical energy storage technology for battery electric vehicles. However, additional optimization is needed to meet the requirements of the automotive industry regarding energy density, cost, safety, and fast charging performance. In conventional electrode designs, there is a trade-off between energy density and rate capability. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) structuring techniques, such as laser perforation, were proposed to optimize both properties at the same time and remarkable improvements in fast-charging performance have been demonstrated. In this work, we investigate the effect of structuring techniques on the thermal properties and electrochemical performance of the battery using microstructure-resolved simulations. Particular attention will be paid to the heat evolution and lithium plating during fast charging of the batteries. According to our results, 3D structuring is able to reduce the overall cell resistance by improving the electrolyte transport. This has a positive impact on the fast charging capability of the cell and, moreover, reduces the danger of lithium plating.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Simulation Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulation Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Beneficial Effects of Three-Dimensional Structured Electrodes for the Fast Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Lauri

Krumbein

Hein

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Surface Reconditioning of Lithium Metal Electrodes by Laser Treatment for the Industrial Production of Enhanced Lithium Metal Batteries

Kriegler,

Ballmes,

Dib

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Incorporating lithium metal anodes in next‐generation batteries promises enhanced energy densities. However, lithium's reactivity results in the formation of a native surface film, affecting battery performance. Therefore, precisely controlling the chemical and morphological surface condition of lithium metal anodes is imperative for producing high‐performance lithium metal batteries. This study demonstrates the efficacy of laser treatment for removing superficial contaminants from lithium metal substrates. To this end, picosecond‐pulsed laser radiation is proposed for modifying the surface of lithium metal substrates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that different laser process regimes can be exploited to achieve a wide spectrum of surface morphologies. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed substantial reductions of ≈80% in oxidic and carbonaceous surface species. The contamination layer removal translated into interfacial resistance reductions of 35% and 44% when testing laser‐cleaned lithium metal anodes in symmetric all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) with lithium phosphorus sulfur chloride (LPSCl) and lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide (LLZO) solid electrolytes, respectively. Finally, a framework for integrating laser cleaning into industrial battery production is suggested, evidencing the industrial feasibility of the approach. In summary, this work advances the understanding of lithium metal surface treatments and serves as proof of principle for its industrial applicability.

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Architected Low‐Tortuosity Electrodes with Tunable Porosity from Nonequilibrium Soft‐Matter Processing

2022

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Mass transport is performance‐defining across energy storage devices, often causing limitations at high current rates. To optimize and balance the device‐scale energy and power density for a given energy storage demand, tailored electrode architectures with precisely controllable phase dimensions are needed in combination with low‐tortuosity channels that maximize the geometric component of diffusion and species flux. A material‐agnostic nonequilibrium soft‐matter process is reported to fabricate free‐standing inorganic composite electrodes with adjustable thicknesses of 100s of µm, featuring straight and accessible channels ranging in diameter from 5–30 µm, coupled with tunable material‐to‐pore ratios. Such architected anode and cathode electrodes exhibit electrochemical and architectural stability over extended cycling in a full‐cell battery. Further, mass‐transport constraints appear at high current densities, and the lithiation step is identified as rate‐performance limiting, a result of insufficient lithium‐ion supply and concentration polarization. The results demonstrate the need for and feasibility of tailored electrode architectures where dimensional ratios between low‐tortuosity channels, the charge‐storing matrix, and electrode thickness are tunable to meet coupled power and energy‐storage requirements.

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Enhanced performance and lifetime of lithium-ion batteries by laser structuring of graphite anodes

Cited by 57 publications

References 79 publications

Beneficial Effects of Three-Dimensional Structured Electrodes for the Fast Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Beneficial Effects of Three-Dimensional Structured Electrodes for the Fast Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Surface Reconditioning of Lithium Metal Electrodes by Laser Treatment for the Industrial Production of Enhanced Lithium Metal Batteries

Architected Low‐Tortuosity Electrodes with Tunable Porosity from Nonequilibrium Soft‐Matter Processing

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