Enhanced memory for emotional pictures: A product of increased attention to affective stimuli?

Humphreys, Louise; Underwood, Geoffrey; Chapman, Peter

doi:10.1080/09541440903427487

Cited by 26 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Positive stimuli, whether delivered under a constant or intermittent schedule during learning, had no effect on parahippocampal activation relative to neutral stimuli, although arousal levels were matched independently for positive and negative stimuli. Similar to previous studies that have shown memory enhancement for negative emotional stimuli (Schwarze et al, 2012;Keightley, Chiew, Anderson, & Grady, 2011;Humphreys, Underwood, & Chapman, 2010;Mickley Steinmetz, Addis, & Kensinger, 2010;Mickley & Kensinger, 2008), our finding suggests that affectively modulated place memory is valence-specific. Our findings are also consistent with previous studies that have shown that the parahippocampal gyrus is specifically involved in the processing of negative emotional stimuli but not positive emotional stimuli (Aldhafeeri, Mackenzie, Kay, Alghamdi, & Sluming, 2012;Gosselin et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Negative Emotional Experiences during Navigation Enhance Parahippocampal Activity during Recall of Place Information

Chan

Baumann

Bellgrove

et al. 2014

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract■ It is known that the parahippocampal cortex is involved in object-place associations in spatial learning, but it remains unknown whether activity within this region is modulated by affective signals during navigation. Here we used fMRI to measure the neural consequences of emotional experiences on place memory during navigation. A day before scanning, participants undertook an active object location memory task within a virtual house in which each room was associated with a different schedule of task-irrelevant emotional events. The events varied in valence (positive, negative, or neutral) and in their rate of occurrence (intermittent vs. constant). On a subsequent day, we measured neural activity while participants were shown static images of the previously learned virtual environment, now in the absence of any affective stimuli. Our results showed that parahippocampal activity was significantly enhanced bilaterally when participants viewed images of a room in which they had previously encountered negatively arousing events. We conclude that such automatic enhancement of place representations by aversive emotional events serves as an important adaptive mechanism for avoiding future threats. ■

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Negative Emotional Experiences during Navigation Enhance Parahippocampal Activity during Recall of Place Information

Chan

Baumann

Bellgrove

et al. 2014

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…Conversely, other studies (e.g. Humphreys, Underwood, & Chapman, 2010;Ochsner, 2000) found that unpleasant pictures were more likely to be recollected than pleasant and neutral ones. On the other hand, exactly how memory strength alters RTs is unclear, as dissenting findings have suggested that "familiarity" can produce longer RTs, based on the notion that "remember" judgements may be more rapid than "know" judgments (Dewhurst, Holmes, Brandt, & Dean, 2006;Wixted, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Modulating Effects of Emotional Valence on Recognition Memory for High-Arousal Pictures

Rey

Redondo

2017

Univ Psychol

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The main aim of this paper was to provide new evidence on the effects of valence on recognition memory of emotional pictures, on the basis of rigorous experimental control of stimulus material. Valence was manipulated using pleasant and unpleasant pictures, keeping arousal constant at a high level. A reference condition with a neutral value in both dimensions was also included. We found greater discrimination and a more conservative response bias, as well as slower recognition decisions, for pleasant pictures. Also worthy of mention is the high positive correlation between response times and discrimination measures just for such pictures. These results would be consistent with an adaptive interpretation based on motivation and personal relevance of emotional information.

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“…One study used stimuli from the Affective Norms for English Words (ANEW; e.g., Chan & Singhal, 2013), while twelve studies used the International Affective Picture System (IAPS; e.g.,Chapman et al, 2012; Humphreys et al, 2010; Koenig & Mecklinger, 2008; Riggs et al, 2011; Talmi & MacGarry, 2012; Talmi et al, 2007; Talmi et al, 2008; Zhang et al, 2015). Three studies used emotionally valenced faces (e.g., Clemens et al, 2015; Mather & Carstensen, 2003; Srinivasan & Gupta, 2010), while one study used images and emotional narratives (Chang & Choi, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies (Humphreys et al, 2010; Kim et al, 2013) presented pairs of images (e.g., neutral-negative, neutral-neutral, positive-negative, and positive-neutral) to participants at encoding. Twelve experiments used emotional scenes, involving a central negative or neutral item with a neutral or negative peripheral background image, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, all fMRI and eye-tracking studies used emotionally valenced images, while the majority of EEG studies used emotional words. Similarly, the studies which have a recall interval of 12hrs or longer (e.g., Bennion et al, 2013b; Humphreys et al, 2010) report lower effects than studies with immediate recall. Accordingly, to determine the effect of attention on emotional LTM, stimuli type and recall intervals need to be better controlled across experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Attention and Emotion-Enhanced Memory: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Behavioural and Neuroimaging Evidence

Cross

Santamaria

Kohler

2018

Preprint

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7 8 ABSTRACT: The interaction between attention and emotion is posited to influence long-term 9 memory consolidation. We systematically reviewed experiments investigating the influence of 1 0 attention on emotional memory to determine: (i) the reported effect of attention on memory for 1 1 emotional stimuli, and (ii) whether there is homogeneity between behavioural and neuroimaging 1 2 based effects. Over half of the 47 included experiments found a moderate-to-large effect of attention 1 3 on emotional memory as measured behaviourally. However, eye-tracking research provide mixed 1 4 support for the role of attention-related processes in facilitating emotional information into long-term 1 5 memory. Similarly, modulations in sensory-related components at encoding were not predictive of 1 6long-term memory formation, whereas later components appear to differentially reflect the allocation 1 7 of attention to heterogeneous emotional stimuli. This dissociation in neurophysiology is paralleled by 1 8 the activation of distinct neural networks under full-and divided-attention conditions. We quantified 1 9 the effects of the behavioural, eye-tracking and neuroimaging findings via meta-analysis to show that 2 0 the neural substrates of attention-related emotional memory enhancement may be sensitive to specific 2 1 methodological parameters. 2 2 2 3

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Enhanced memory for emotional pictures: A product of increased attention to affective stimuli?

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Negative Emotional Experiences during Navigation Enhance Parahippocampal Activity during Recall of Place Information

Negative Emotional Experiences during Navigation Enhance Parahippocampal Activity during Recall of Place Information

Modulating Effects of Emotional Valence on Recognition Memory for High-Arousal Pictures

Attention and Emotion-Enhanced Memory: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Behavioural and Neuroimaging Evidence

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