Enhanced Age-Related Resistance to Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus in Tomato Is Associated With Higher Basal Resistance

Abstract

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is one of the most notorious plant pathogens affecting the production of tomato worldwide. While the occurrence of age-related resistance (ARR) against TYLCV has been reported, the factors impacting its development remain unknown. We conducted a series of experiments with three tomato cultivars that vary in basal resistance to TYLCV to explore factors involved in the development of ARR. Our data indicate that ARR is more pronounced in tomato cultivars with higher basal resistance. Additionally, increased plant biomass in older plants does not contribute to ARR. Virus source plants with a younger age at initial inoculation facilitates virus acquisition by whiteflies. Finally, an analysis on plant hormones suggests that salicylic acid (SA) may play a major role in the development of ARR in tomato against TYLCV. These findings provide new insights into the developmental resistance in tomato against TYLCV as well as clues for the deployment of ARR in the management of diseases caused by TYLCV.

Asymmetric interactions between barley yellow dwarf virus -PAV and wheat dwarf virus in wheat

“…This may lead to a range of efficiencies for virus introduction in wheat fields. Positive ( Zhang et al., 2021 ) and negative ( Lindblad and Sigvald, 2004 ) impacts of plant age on host susceptibility to pathogens have been reported for several pathosystems, suggesting that host plant development at inoculation represent a key parameter to understand the ecology and epidemiology of viral diseases ( Ashby and Bruns, 2018 ). Together with these previously published works, our results highlight that, when modelling the intensity of the introduction of a given viral disease in fields, infection rate should not be considered as a constant either for a group of viruses (e.g.…”

Molecular perspectives on age‐related resistance of plants to (viral) pathogens

“…Therefore, it is not surprising that similar contributions of SA and elevated basal resistance have been demonstrated in ARR in multiple viral pathosystems. In tomato infected with tomato yellow leaf curl virus, the ARR response was more evident in cultivars with higher basal resistance, which correlated with an age‐related increase in SA (Zhang et al ., 2021). In a variant of N. edwardsonii , SA levels substantially increased between 6 or 7 wk of age, which resulted in correspondingly elevated levels of pathogenesis related 1 (PR1) protein accumulation and enhanced ETI against TMV and tobacco necrosis virus (Cole et al ., 2004).…”