Energy-Efficiency Study for Two-tier Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet) Under Coverage Performance Constraints

Zhang, Xing; Su, Zhuowen; Yan, Zhi; Wang, Wenbo

doi:10.1007/s11036-013-0435-1

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Small cells deployment [55], relay technique (fixed and user-cooperative relay systems) [56][57][58][59], and heterogeneous network (HetNet) deployment increase energy efficiency by decreasing the propagation distance between UE and BS [20]. However, previous studies have mostly focused on HetNet deployments (multilayer network) [60][61][62][63][64]. In HetNet, a macro BS provides connectivity and service for high mobility users, while small cells, such as micro-and pico-BSs, serve low mobility users at high data rates.…”

Section: Network Planning and Deploymentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and Sustainable Cellular Base Stations: An Overview and Future Research Directions

Alsharif

Kim

2017

Energies

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Energy efficiency and renewable energy are the main pillars of sustainability and environmental compatibility. This study presents an overview of sustainable and green cellular base stations (BSs), which account for most of the energy consumed in cellular networks. We review the architecture of the BS and the power consumption model, and then summarize the trends in green cellular network research over the past decade. As its major contribution, this study highlights the uses of renewable energy in cellular communication by: (i) investigating the system model and the potential of renewable energy solutions for cellular BSs; (ii) identifying the potential geographical locations for renewable-energy-powered BSs; (iii) performing case studies on renewable-energy-powered cellular BSs and suggesting future research directions based on our findings; (iv) examining the present deployment of sustainable and green BSs; and (v) studying the barriers that prevent the widespread use of renewable-energy-powered BSs and providing recommendations for future work.

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Section: Network Planning and Deploymentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and Sustainable Cellular Base Stations: An Overview and Future Research Directions

Alsharif

Kim

2017

Energies

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“…Under orthogonal deployment, the spectrum allocation for MBS and FBS is orthogonal, which avoids the cross-tier interference [4]. The received SINR of macro-mobile station (MS) located at the cell boundary is given by:…”

Section: Coverage Probabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the increasing share of wireless systems, the total energy expended in communications and networking systems are deemed important. Report shows that total amount of global carbon dioxide emission is originated from information and communication technologies (ICT), more than 9% of emits from wireless and mobile communication [4]. However, within the sleep mode, some key issues must be considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficiency for 5G Multi-Tier Cellular Networks

Khan¹,

Lee²

2016

Towards 5G Wireless Networks - A Physical Layer Perspective

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The heterogeneous cellular network (HCN) is most significant as a key technology for future fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks. The heterogeneous network consists of randomly macrocell base stations (MBSs) overlaid with femtocell base stations (FBSs). Stochastic geometry has been shown to be a very powerful tool to model, analyze, and design networks with random topologies such as wireless ad hoc, sensor networks, and multi-tier cellular networks. HCNs can be energy-efficiently designed by deploying various BSs belonging to different networks, which has drawn significant attention to one of the technologies for future 5G wireless networks. In this chapter, we propose switching off/on systems enabling the BSs in the cellular networks to efficiently consume the power by introducing active/sleep modes, which is able to reduce the interference and power consumption in the MBSs and FBSs on an individual basis as well as improve the energy efficiency of the cellular networks. We formulate the minimization of the power consumption for the MBSs and FBSs as well as an optimization problem to maximize the energy efficiency subject to throughput outage constraints, which can be solved by the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions according to the femto tier BS density. We also formulate and compare the coverage probability and the energy efficiency in HCN scenarios with and without coordinated multi-point (CoMP) to avoid coverage holes.

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“…The studies [18,19] consider a heterogeneous architecture for network planning. Combining macro-cells with microcells and pico-cells, a theoretical relationship between energy efficiency and network deployment is derived and evaluated.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dynamic energy-saving strategy for green cellular railway communication network

Huang

Zhang

Huo³

2015

J Wireless Com Network

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Energy saving is seldom contemplated in cellular railway communication network because safety is always the main focus. However, we analyzed train schedules and determined that the cellular railway network had considerable potential for energy saving. We designed a simple train detection strategy using the handover procedure to initiate power saving. We also proposed a flexible and effective solution based on the mealy-type finite state machine to transit the cell state between an energy-saving mode and a full running mode. The key design principle of the proposed solution consists in forming an orthogonal group and cluster, based on network deployment and train schedules, to simplify the state transition. Our evaluations using a real network deployment led to a significant energy saving of up to 33% with different power-saving strategies and factors.

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Energy-Efficiency Study for Two-tier Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet) Under Coverage Performance Constraints

Cited by 39 publications

References 18 publications

Green and Sustainable Cellular Base Stations: An Overview and Future Research Directions

Green and Sustainable Cellular Base Stations: An Overview and Future Research Directions

Energy Efficiency for 5G Multi-Tier Cellular Networks

A dynamic energy-saving strategy for green cellular railway communication network

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