Energy demand in the Norwegian building stock: Scenarios on potential reduction

Sartori, Igor; Wachenfeldt, Bjørn Jenssen; Hestnes, Anne Grete

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.031

Cited by 92 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…By considering the analysis of the demands several cooling and heating appliances, including hot-water tanks and electric/gas furnaces, in both residential and commercial stocks for major cities in the province of Ontario, it was shown that the control and management of thermal comfort and indoor air quality accounts for more than 47% of the total energy demand, on average. This North American trend is consistent with the patterns of energy demand for thermal comfort in residential and commercial buildings in such European countries as Italy (Caldera et al, 2008;Schiavon and Melikov, 2008) and Norway (Satori et al, 2009), and in Asia (Homod et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Balancing Comfort and Energy Use for Sustainable Buildings: Thermal Comfort Modeling using a Space-variant Manikin

Ogedengbe

Seidu

Rosen

2018

European Journal of Sustainable Development Research

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To help balance comfort and energy use in residential, institutional and commercial buildings in order to make them more sustainable, a thermal comfort model is coupled with a computational fluid dynamic approach. The developed tool provides an effective tool for demand side management of energy use in buildings. The asymmetrical thermal environment in a university cafeteria building is modeled, and a two dimensional numerical simulation is prepared separately of the thermal sensation in the cafeteria. A finite volume formulation is used to provide the temperature distribution around a space-variant manikin, which is in turn utilized to determine the convective heat transfer coefficients for the simulation of thermal sensation around the manikin.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Balancing Comfort and Energy Use for Sustainable Buildings: Thermal Comfort Modeling using a Space-variant Manikin

Ogedengbe

Seidu

Rosen

2018

European Journal of Sustainable Development Research

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“…The annual energy demand in the building sector in Norway represents about 40% of the total national energy use, of which 22% goes to residential sector and 18% to the non-residential sector [1]. In residential buildings, space heating (SH) and domestic hot water (DHW) represent approximately 70% of the total energy use [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying key design parameters of the integrated energy system for a residential Zero Emission Building in Norway

2016

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a b s t r a c tThis study examined an integrated solution of the building energy supply system consisting of flat plate solar thermal collectors in combination with a ground-source heat pump and an exhaust air heat pump for the heating and cooling, and production of domestic hot water. The supply energy system was proposed to a 202 m 2 single-family demo dwelling (SFD), which is defined by the Norwegian Zero Emission Building standard. The main design parameters were analyzed in order to find the most essential parameters, which could significantly influenced the total energy use. This study found that 85% of the total heating demand of the SFD was covered by renewable energy. The results showed that the solar energy generated by the system could cover 85e92% and 12e70% of the domestic hot water demand in summer and winter respectively. In addition, the solar energy may cover 2.5e100% of the space heating demand. The results showed that the supply air volume, supply air and zone set point temperatures, auxiliary electrical volume, volume of the DHW tank, orientation and tilt angle and the collector area could influenced mostly the total energy use.

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“…Using a model based on development in building floor area stock size and energy demand per square metre, Sartori et al (2009) studied the historical and future energy demand in the Norwegian building stock, including both residential and service buildings. For the historical period from 1975 to 2005, the energyintensity matrix is computed by dividing the measured energy consumption by the measured floor area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical energy analysis of the Norwegian dwelling stock

Sandberg

Bergsdal

Brattebø

2011

Building Research & Information

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and helge.brattebo@ntnu.noThe building sector is a big consumer of energy and is responsible for a considerable share of the greenhouse gas emissions within most developed countries. Based on the development in underlying drivers and using system analysis methods, the historical development in energy flows in the Norwegian residential building stock, the associated costs and greenhouse gas emissions are estimated. The results show that although a 39% decrease occurred in energy consumption per square metre in the use phase, the total energy consumption increased due to increased stock size. Further, the total energy consumption was substantially dominated by the use phase. The energy-related costs increase even more than energy consumption due to increased energy prices, but the greenhouse gas emissions decrease due to changes in the energy mix. The per-capita results follow the same trends as the aggregated results, whereas there have been larger improvements in the system on a per-square-metre basis. Based on underlying drivers, the model ensures inclusion of development trends that are not easily explained by the direct factors energy efficiency, energy mix and energy prices.Keywords: building stock, carbon footprint, cost analysis, dwelling stock, dynamic material flow analysis, economic footprint, energy consumption, energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions Le secteur du bâ timent est un gros consommateur d'énergie et est responsable d'une part considérable des émissions de gaz à effet de serre dans la plupart des pays développés. En se basant sur l'évolution des facteurs sous-jacents et en utilisant des méthodes d'analyse des systèmes, sont estimés l'évolution historique des flux d'énergie dans le parc bâ ti résidentiel norvégien, les coû ts qui s'y rapportent et les émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Les résultats montrent que, bien qu'une diminution de 39% soit intervenue dans la consommation d'énergie par mètre carré dans la phase d'utilisation, la consommation totale d'énergie a augmenté en raison de la taille accrue du parc. En outre, la consommation totale d'énergie a été fortement dominée par la phase d'utilisation. Les coû ts liés à l'énergie augmentent encore plus que la consommation d'énergie du fait de l'augmentation des prix de l'énergie, mais les émissions de gaz à effet de serre diminuent en raison des changements intervenus dans le mix énergétique. Les résultats par personne suivent les mêmes tendances que les résultats agrégés, alors que des améliorations plus importantes se sont produites dans le système sur la base du mètre carré. En se basant sur les facteurs sous-jacents, le modèle assure l'inclusion de tendances évolutives qui ne s'expliquent pas facilement par les facteurs directs d'efficacité énergétique, de mix énergétique et de prix de l'énergie.Mots clés: parc bâ ti, empreinte carbone, analyse des coû ts, parc de logements, analyse dynamique des flux de matériaux, empreinte économique, consommation d'énergie, efficacité énergétique, émissions de gaz à effet de serre

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Energy demand in the Norwegian building stock: Scenarios on potential reduction

Cited by 92 publications

References 4 publications

Balancing Comfort and Energy Use for Sustainable Buildings: Thermal Comfort Modeling using a Space-variant Manikin

Balancing Comfort and Energy Use for Sustainable Buildings: Thermal Comfort Modeling using a Space-variant Manikin

Identifying key design parameters of the integrated energy system for a residential Zero Emission Building in Norway

Historical energy analysis of the Norwegian dwelling stock

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