Energetic Coordination Polymers Based on Copper Furazans and 1,2,3-Triazoles: Tuning the Oxygen Balance with Nitramino Functionalities

Abstract

Four novel energetic complexes comprising furazan/nitramino groups were synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method. Owing to the introduction of an oxygencontaining nitramino group, Cu(DNAF)(NH 3 ) 3 (ECP-1), Cu-(DNAF)(H 2 O) 3 (ECP-2), Cu(ANFZ) 2 (H 2 O) 5 (ECP-3), and Cu 2 (TA) 2 (H 2 O) 6 (ECP-4) (DNAF = 4,5-dinitraminofurazan, ANFZ = 4-amino-3-nitraminofurazan, TA = 5-nitro-4-nitramino-1,2,3-triazole) possess relatively high oxygen contents and oxygen balance, indicating efficient energy release during the self-sustained redox process. In addition, these energetic coordination polymers (ECPs) possess exceptional crystal density and insensitivity to external stimuli. Compared to the energetic complexes reported previously, the oxygen balance and contents of nitrogen and oxygen atoms of ECP-1−ECP-4 remain at a relatively higher level (OB > −20%, N+O% > 60%), ECP-2 and ECP-4 have excellent positive oxygen balance (10.5% and 5.5%, respectively), and ECP-4 has the highest density (2.22 g/cm 3 ) among these four coordination polymers.

Polynitro-functionalized 4-phenyl-1H-pyrazoles as heat-resistant explosives

“…11,12 Recently, there has been a surge in the number of new energetic compounds based on nitrogen and oxygen-rich heterocyclic ring systems like azoles, oxadiazoles, pyrazine, tetrazene, etc. 13–22 Energetic materials with such nitrogen-based heterocyclic rings as their backbone are highly endothermic and considered environmentally friendly as they release non-toxic dinitrogen (N 2 ) gas after their decomposition. Therefore, recently, several heat-resistant explosives based on polynitrobenzene moieties connected to nitrogen-rich heterocyclic rings have been reported.…”

Empowering strategies of electrochemical N–N bond forming reactions: direct access to previously neglected 1,2,3-triazole 1-oxides

“…7 Moreover, 1,2,3-triazoles find a myriad of applications as approved pharmaceuticals or promising drug candidates with a broad range of biological activities, 8 as effective inhibitors of the corrosion process of metals or their alloys, 9 and as components of functionalized polymeric materials 10 or high-energy substances. 11 However, closely related 1,2,3-triazole 1-oxides are far less explored in spite of their structural similarity. Meanwhile, several theoretical studies of triazole oxide derivatives have been performed, which showed their potential application as energetic materials.…”