Endurance training amplifies the pulsatile release of growth hormone: effects of training intensity

Weltman, Arthur; Weltman, Judy Y.; Schurrer, R.; Evans, William S.; Veldhuis, Johannes D.; Rogol, Alan D.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1992.72.6.2188

Cited by 179 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The consistent finding among previously published studies is that exercise, although a potent stimulus for GH release immediately during and after the bout, does not appear to affect the number of GH peaks in the several hours following the exercise (9,14,19,26). Consistent with the results of the Pulsar analysis previously published (14), cluster analysis indicated that the number, duration, and interval between GH concentration (A and B, bottom).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Nocturnal growth hormone secretory dynamics are altered after resistance exercise: deconvolution analysis of 12-hour immunofunctional and immunoreactive isoforms

Tuckow¹,

Rarick²,

Kraemer³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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-To characterize the effects of daytime exercise on subsequent overnight growth hormone (GH) secretion and elimination dynamics, serum was sampled, and GH was measured every 10 min for 12 h (1800 to 0600) in a control (CON) condition and after a 50-set resistance exercise protocol (EX) from 1500 to 1700. GH was measured with a conventional immunoreactive (IR) and an immunofunctional (IF) assay, and values were analyzed via a multi-parameter deconvolution analysis. EX resulted in a higher overnight secretory burst frequency [CON: 7.6 (SD 2.4) Ͻ EX: 9.4 (2.2) bursts per 12 h, P ϭ 0.005] but lower mean burst mass [CON: 9.2 (4.7) Ͼ EX: 6.0 (2.9) g/l, P ϭ 0.019] and secretory rate [CON: 0.68 (0.29) Ͼ EX: 0.48 (0.23) g/l/min; P ϭ 0.015; ANOVA main effect means presented]. Approximate entropy (ApEn) was greater after EX, indicating a less orderly GH release process than CON. The estimated half-life of IF GH was significantly lower than IR GH [IF: 15.3 (1.1) Ͻ IR 19.8 (1.6) min, P Ͻ 0.001] but similar between the CON and EX conditions (ϳ17 min). Despite the changes in secretory dynamics, 12-h mean and integrated GH concentrations were similar between conditions. The results suggest that although quantitatively similar total amounts of GH are secreted overnight in CON and EX conditions, resistance exercise alters the dynamics of secretion by attenuating burst mass and amplitude yet increasing burst frequency. pulsatile; somatotropin; kinetics; approximate entropy; weight lifting ACUTE PHYSICAL EXERCISE IS a well-established model for eliciting the secretion of growth hormone (GH) into circulation. Acute bouts of exercise regardless of mode (i.e., aerobic or resistance) result in a rapid increase in GH concentrations with a return to baseline levels generally within 1 h of the cessation of exercise (27). In addition, multiple spontaneous concentration peaks can be observed in a 24-h period due to the pulsatile nature of GH secretion, with the most robust increase typically occurring at night during slow-wave sleep (21). Although many studies have examined multiple samples for a short period immediately after exercise, few studies have examined the effect of daytime exercise on nocturnal GH concentrations, and perhaps less is known about how exercise affects the overnight secretion and elimination dynamics of GH.The majority of investigations regarding the acute effects of daytime activity on subsequent nocturnal GH concentrations have used analysis of mean and/or peak GH concentrations compared with a control condition. Previous investigators have demonstrated increases (1) and decreases (5) in peak and/or mean nocturnal GH concentrations following daytime physical activity, while the most data contend that mean nocturnal GH concentrations are largely unaltered by earlier exercise (9, 10, 13, 28). However, observations of mean GH concentrations provide limited information because of the highly pulsatile and dynamic nature of GH secretion. An arithmetic mean of concentrations observed over time obscures the secretion event...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Nocturnal growth hormone secretory dynamics are altered after resistance exercise: deconvolution analysis of 12-hour immunofunctional and immunoreactive isoforms

Tuckow¹,

Rarick²,

Kraemer³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…More importantly, GH is a target for physical exercise; it is well known that a linear dose-response relationship exists between exercise intensity and the GH secretory pattern in healthy individuals (10)(11)(12)(13)(14). This is suggested to be an important factor because of the potent lipolytic effect of GH, which further increases energy expenditure and prevents obesity (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy homeostasis targets chromosomal reconfiguration of the human GH1 locus

Vakili¹,

Jin²,

Cattini³

2014

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Chronic aerobic training has been shown to increase GH secretion and amplify pulsatile release of GH at rest in women if some of their training occurred at intensities above lactate threshold (39). The women in this study trained at intensities below lactate threshold for both aerobic and resistance exercise, which may have contributed to a lack of change in basal GH concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of Energy Restriction and Exercise on Bone Mineral Density during Lactation

Colleran

Wideman

Lovelady

2012

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Abstract:Modest energy restriction combined with resistance training (RT) has been shown in nonlactating women to protect bone during periods of weight loss. However, there is a paucity of research on dietary interventions and exercise in lactating women aimed at promoting bone health and weight loss.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of energy restriction and exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) and hormones during lactation.Methods: At 4 wk postpartum, participants were randomized to either a 16-wk intervention (diet restricted by 500 kcal and RT 3 d·wk-1) group (IG = 14) or minimal care group (CG = 13). Measurements included BMD by DXA, three 24-h dietary recalls, and hormones. Repeatedmeasures ANOVA was used to test for group differences over time.Results: Energy intake decreased more in IG (613 ± 521 kcal) than CG (171 ± 435 kcal) (P = 0.03). IG lost more weight (5.8 ± 3.5 kg vs CG = 1.6 ± 5.4 kg, P = 0.02). BMD decreased over time, P < 0.01, with no group differences in lumbar spine (IG = 3.4% ± 2.5%, CG = 3.7% ± 3.3%) or hip (IG and CG = 3.1 ± 1.8%). Prolactin and estradiol decreased over time in both groups, P < 0.01. Basal growth hormone remained stable; however, there was a significant increase in growth hormone response to exercise in IG.Conclusions: These results suggest that moderate energy restriction combined with RT promotes weight loss with no adverse effects on BMD during lactation.Keywords: Diet | Breast-feeding | Postpartum weight loss | Physical activity Article:

show abstract

Endurance training amplifies the pulsatile release of growth hormone: effects of training intensity

Cited by 179 publications

References 28 publications

Nocturnal growth hormone secretory dynamics are altered after resistance exercise: deconvolution analysis of 12-hour immunofunctional and immunoreactive isoforms

Nocturnal growth hormone secretory dynamics are altered after resistance exercise: deconvolution analysis of 12-hour immunofunctional and immunoreactive isoforms

Energy homeostasis targets chromosomal reconfiguration of the human GH1 locus

Effects of Energy Restriction and Exercise on Bone Mineral Density during Lactation

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