Endoscopic Findings in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Kano, North-Western Nigeria

Tijjani, BM; Borodo, MM; Samaila, AA

doi:10.4314/nhp.v4i3-4.49243

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The mean age of our subjects was 52.4 years. This is comparable to the mean ages of 51.5 years and 47.6 years obtained by Uiagbe et al in Benin, Edo State [ 6 ] and Akere et al in Ibadan, Oyo State [ 7 ], respectively, in Southern Nigeria, but higher than the mean ages obtained from studies in Kano, Kano State [ 8 ]; Maiduguri and Gombe, Borno and Gombe States [ 9 ]; and Zaria, Kaduna State [ 10 ] in Northern Nigeria that were generally less than 44 years. The reason for this disparity is not immediately clear but it may be related to the age distribution profile of the populations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Endoscopic Findings in Patients With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Ogun State, Nigeria

Jemilohun¹,

Akande²,

Ngubor³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Introduction Although the global incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) appears to have reduced substantially in the past few decades, acute UGIB still carries significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are currently no published data on UGIB in Ogun State, Nigeria. This study examined the endoscopic findings in patients with UGIB in Ogun State. Methodology The study was a retrospective cross-sectional survey of patients with UGIB who had upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at three endoscopy centers in Ogun State, Southwest Nigeria, from January 2015 to December 2021. Patients’ data, which included age, gender, and endoscopic findings, were extracted from the endoscopy registers into a spreadsheet and analyzed statistically. Summary statistics included means ± standard deviation for continuous variables and frequencies and percentages for categorical variables. Categorical variables were compared for differences by chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. The statistical significance cutoff was p-value <0.05. Results A total of 171 had endoscopy for UGIB during the period under review but 168 had complete data. Out of the 168, 113 (67.3%) were males, giving a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. The mean age of the patients was 52.4 ± 18.1 years, with an age range of 7-85 years. The modal age group was ≥60 years (75; 39.9%). The most common endoscopic finding was peptic ulcer disease (77; 45.8%), followed by esophagogastric varices (27; 16.1%), erosive mucosal disease (25; 14.9 %), portal hypertensive gastropathy (15; 8.9%), suspected malignancies (11; 6.6%), hemorrhagic gastritis (7; 4.2%), gastric antral vascular ectasia (2; 1.2%), and Mallory-Weiss tear (1; 0.6%), respectively. Forty-four patients (26.2%) had no lesion that could explain UGIB. Conclusion Peptic ulcer disease was the most common cause of UGIB among our patient population, and the elderly male patients were the most affected.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Endoscopic Findings in Patients With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Ogun State, Nigeria

Jemilohun¹,

Akande²,

Ngubor³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…Suba et al, record a proportion of 56.2% at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Tanzania,in their study [3]. Tijjani et al report an almost 3:1 male to female ratio with a mean age of 43.2 ± 13.5 in UGIB patients in their study in northwestern Nigeria [10]. It is suggested that higher prevalence of underlying illnesses among males, such as liver disease; and higher tendency of alcohol consumption among males may explain this observation [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding at a Public Referal Hospital in Malawi

Mulima¹,

Qureshi²,

Shores³

et al. 2014

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Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a medical emergency. Timely and appropriate treatment can be lifesaving. Where medical equipment and supplies are inadequate, management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding is challenging. Methods: A retrospective review of charts of patients who were admitted during the year 2010, with a diagnosis of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding (UGIB), was done at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi. A Rockall score was applied to determine mortality risk. Results: A total number of 187 records (119 men and 68 women, mean age of 40.7 ± 15.3 years) were reviewed. The mortality rate was 23.5%, with a non-significant gender difference. Bleeding oesophageal varices were the most common clinical cause of UGIB (42.8%), with more males (63.1%) than females affected. About 40% of patients had no cause of UGIB indicated in their records. 14 (7.5%) patients had a normal oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD). Oesophageal tumor was present in 2.7% of the subjects as a cause of UGIB. Access to endoscopy, for diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, and surgery (Hassab procedure) was available to less than 50% of the patients. Sixteen patients (9.5%) had surgery after endoscopy due to lack of variceal banding materials. Conclusion: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is an important and common clinical problem at Kamuzu Central Hospital. Oesophageal varices seem to be the commonest cause of UGIB. Inadequacy of resuscitation materials and perhaps timely diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic and surgical interventions are important limiting factors to favourable patient outcome. Work towards regular provision and supply of interventional resources regarding UGIB management may improve patient outcome.

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“…Endoscopy of the upper GI tract is indeed the diagnostic modality of choice for acute upper GI bleeding with more sophisticated investigation such as angiography and computed tomography being rarely indicated where endoscopy is inconclusive. 20 Previous studies in the northern part of Nigeria reported esophageal varices as the most common cause of upper GI bleeding, 21,22 while studies from Ekiti (Nigeria) 23 and Ilorin (Nigeria) 24 reported gastric erosions and multiple sources of bleeding, respectively, as their most common endoscopic findings. In developed countries, studies reported peptic ulcer as the most common cause of upper GI bleeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Causes of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding on Endoscopy in Tertiary Care Hospital

Amir

Hafeez

Adrees

et al. 2020

APMC

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Endoscopic Findings in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Kano, North-Western Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Endoscopic Findings in Patients With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Ogun State, Nigeria

Endoscopic Findings in Patients With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Ogun State, Nigeria

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding at a Public Referal Hospital in Malawi

Causes of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding on Endoscopy in Tertiary Care Hospital

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