2016
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166617
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Abstract: Evidence indicates that hormones modulate the intensity of maternal care. Oxytocin is known for its positive influence on maternal behavior and its important role for childbirth. In contrast, testosterone promotes egocentric choices and reduces empathy. Further, testosterone decreases during parenthood which could be an adaptation to increased parental investment. The present study investigated the interaction between testosterone and oxytocin in attentional control and their influence on attention to baby sch… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(31 citation statements)
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“…Indeed, preferences for baby schema have been shown to extend to other species (Archer & Monton, ; Little, ) and non‐biological stimuli (Miesler, Leder, & Herrmann, ), demonstrating the biological significance of infant features. Researchers argue that there are neurological mechanisms in place through which baby schema triggers attraction and caretaking motivation in humans and that this response is sensitive to a very simple stimulus facial configuration, such that it may be triggered independent of ethnic background or species (Alley, ; Archer & Monton, ; Glocker et al, ; Holtfrerich, Schwarz, Sprenger, Reimers, & Diekhof, ; Kringelbach, Stark, Alexander, Bornstein, & Stein, ). This hypothesis is consistent with the inferior frontal source location of activity related to processing of infant compared with adult faces (Proverbio & De Gabriele, ).…”
Section: Experiments 1 Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Indeed, preferences for baby schema have been shown to extend to other species (Archer & Monton, ; Little, ) and non‐biological stimuli (Miesler, Leder, & Herrmann, ), demonstrating the biological significance of infant features. Researchers argue that there are neurological mechanisms in place through which baby schema triggers attraction and caretaking motivation in humans and that this response is sensitive to a very simple stimulus facial configuration, such that it may be triggered independent of ethnic background or species (Alley, ; Archer & Monton, ; Glocker et al, ; Holtfrerich, Schwarz, Sprenger, Reimers, & Diekhof, ; Kringelbach, Stark, Alexander, Bornstein, & Stein, ). This hypothesis is consistent with the inferior frontal source location of activity related to processing of infant compared with adult faces (Proverbio & De Gabriele, ).…”
Section: Experiments 1 Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a recent oxytocin trial in autistic children, Parker et al [55] found that low pre- treatment baseline oxytocin levels were predictive of improvement in social functioning with oxytocin. In an oxytocin administration study of typical women, oxytocin administration was found to decrease response time to face stimuli, but only among women with high endogenous testosterone levels [10]. Given the inconsistent findings of oxytocin clinical trials to date [56,57] and the seemingly opposite roles of oxytocin and testosterone in neuropsychiatric conditions including autism and schizophrenia [11], the possibility that baseline sex steroids or oxytocinassociated changes in sex steroids could serve be a biomarker of response may help to identify autistic people expected to benefit most from interventions involving oxytocin.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…For example, increased testosterone levels have been reported in men who received oxytocin nasal spray versus placebo [7,8], and levels of arginine vasopressin, a neurohormone closely related to oxytocin, increased in men and women following oxytocin administration [9]. Furthermore, the effects of oxytocin administration on parenting-related behaviors have been reported to depend on baseline endogenous testosterone levels in both sexes [7,10]. Interestingly, oxytocin and testosterone administration are noted to have opposing effects on various social behaviours in typical populations and to show opposite patterns of alteration in psychiatric conditions such as autism and schizophrenia [11], although both hormones have rarely been assessed within the same individuals.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a recent oxytocin trial in autistic children, Parker et al [30] found that low pretreatment baseline oxytocin levels were predictive of improvement in social functioning with oxytocin. In an oxytocin administration study of neurotypical women, oxytocin administration was found to decrease response time to face stimuli but only among women with high endogenous testosterone levels [11]. Given the inconsistent findings of oxytocin clinical trials to date [58,59], the possibility that baseline sex steroids or oxytocinassociated changes in sex steroids could serve as a biomarker of response may help to identify autistic people expected to benefit most from interventions involving oxytocin.…”
Section: Limitationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Levels of arginine vasopressin, a neurohormone closely related to oxytocin, were found to increase in men and women following oxytocin administration [10]. Also in both sexes, the effects of oxytocin administration on parenting-related behaviours were found to depend on baseline endogenous testosterone levels [8,11]. Notably, oxytocin and testosterone administration have shown opposing effects on various aspect of social behaviour in neurotypical populations and show opposite patterns of alteration in psychiatric conditions such as autism and schizophrenia [12], although such studies rarely assess multiple hormones within individuals.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%