Endogenous hormonal equilibrium linked to bamboo culm development

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla) is the most important bamboo species in China and is famous for its fast-growing culms. To investigate the possible relationship between internode development and endogenous hormones, the concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), zeatin riboside (ZR), gibberellins (GA 3 ), and abscisic acid (ABA) were analyzed in culm samples from plants at different developmental stages during a single growing season and, at the same time, anatomical structure was closely monitored. Cell division was the dominant process in internode development during early development, while cell elongation predominated at later stages. There was a negative correlation between the rates of cell division and cell elongation. The four endogenous hormones (IAA, ZR, GA 3 , and ABA) displayed fluctuations in their levels at different developmental stages but their peak activities were not synchronous. Cell division rate had a significant positive correlation with ZR concentration. Cell elongation had a significant positive correlation with the ratio of promoting hormones (IAA, GA 3 , and ZR) to inhibitory hormone (ABA) concentrations. We conclude 11313 Hormonal equilibrium linked to culm development ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (3): 11312-11323 (2015) that hormonal equilibrium might regulate the division and elongation of bamboo culms.

Genome-wide analysis and transcriptomic profiling of the auxin biosynthesis, transport and signaling family genes in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla)

“…Bamboo is well known for its rapid growth and high level of woodiness. At the cellular level, the fast growth of the bamboo culm is mainly due to cell elongation and division [ 24 ]. Auxin is one of the well-known phytohormones that controls cell division and expansion [ 13 ].…”

“…Moso bamboo is one of the most important non-timber forest products in the world, due to its great economic, cultural, and environmental value [ 23 ]. Moso bamboo is famous for its fast-growing culms which were controlled by cell division and cell elongation [ 24 ]. Although the mechanisms that control plant cell number and size are not fully understood, phytohormones, especially auxin have important roles in the regulation and coordination of plant cell proliferation and elongation [ 25 ].…”

Transcriptome characterization of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) seedlings in response to exogenous gibberellin applications

“…A later proteomics study showed seven protein spots involved in hormone biosynthesis during shoot development [ 11 ]. The concentration of endogenous GA 3 , one of most common bioactive forms of gibberellic acid [ 12 ], displays bimodal variation when the above-ground heights grow from 0.05 m to 12 m in moso bamboo [ 11 , 13 , 14 ]. The extensibility of moso bamboo cell walls is a key factor in moso bamboo’s growth, as they allow grow to great heights due to the two primary components of bamboo walls, cellulose and lignin [ 15 ].…”

Transcriptome analysis reveals key genes regulating signaling and metabolic pathways during the growth of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) shoots

“…The rapid growth is largely achieved through cell division and the elongation of the intercalary meristem at the basal part of each node (Inze & De Veylder, 2006). Specifically, cell division is predominant during the initial stages of rapid growth, and cell elongation largely accounts for the rapid late elongation of bamboo (Wang et al, 2015). The biosynthesis and signaling of brassinosteroids (BRs) (Wang et al, 2019), auxins (AUXs) (Wang et al, 2017), and gibberellic acids (GAs) (Zhang et al, 2018) appear to regulate cell division, differentiation, and elongation, which are key for the rapid growth of bamboo species.…”