Endocytosis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in prostate cancer PC-3M cells

Thurn, Kenneth T.; Arora, Hans; Paunesku, Tatjana; Wu, Aiguo; Brown, Eric; Doty, Caroline; Kremer, Jeff C.; Woloschak, Gayle E.

doi:10.1016/j.nano.2010.09.004

Cited by 135 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Similarly, macropinocytosis can be exploited for the uptake of large particles (up to 1 mm) (Swanson 2008). However, because macropinocytosis is a cargo-unspecific uptake mechanism, it can accommodate a range of cargo sizes and types of materials and often operates in conjunction with other entry mechanisms (Rejman et al 2004;Corsi et al 2009;Nam et al 2009;Thurn et al 2011). Eukaryotic cells can use clathrinmediated entry to internalize particles with sizes ranging from 10 nm to as high as 300 nm (Heuser and Reese 1973;Wasylewski et al 1986;Ehrlich et al 2004).…”

Section: Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting Endocytosis for Nanomedicines

Akinc

Battaglia

2013

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

189

169

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In this article, we briefly review the endocytic pathways used by cells, pointing out their defining characteristics and highlighting physical limitations that may direct the internalization of nanoparticles to a subset of these pathways. A more detailed description of these pathways is presented in the literature. We then focus on the endocytosis of nanomedicines and present how various nanomaterial parameters impact these endocytic processes. This topic is an area of active research, motivated by the recognition that an improved understanding of how nanomaterials interact at the molecular, cellular, and whole-organism level will lead to the design of better nanomedicines in the future. Next, we briefly review some of the important nanomedicines already on the market or in clinical development that serve to exemplify how endocytosis can be exploited for medical benefit. Finally, we present some key unanswered questions and remaining challenges to be addressed by the field.

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Section: Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting Endocytosis for Nanomedicines

Akinc

Battaglia

2013

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

189

169

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“…These results suggest that TiO 2 nanoparticle size strongly affects adhesion of MSC, which is consistent with previous reports. 16,36 Cell migration Focal adhesion of cells generally has a close relationship with cell migration. 37 To investigate the effect of TiO 2 nanoparticles on cell migration, a wound healing (scrape migration) assay was performed, as described elsewhere.…”

Section: Particle Internalization and Cell Adhesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of titanium nanoparticles on adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

Hou¹,

Cai²,

Li³

et al. 2013

IJN

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Background:The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of nanoscale wear particles derived from titanium/titanium alloy-based implants on integration of bone. Here we report the potential impact of titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles on adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from the cellular level to the molecular level in the Wistar rat. Methods: A series of TiO 2 nanoparticles (14 nm, 108 nm, and 196 nm) were synthesized and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Results: The TiO 2 nanoparticles had negative effects on cell viability, proliferation, and the cell cycle of MSC in a dose-dependent and size-dependent manner. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to investigate the effects of particle internalization on adhesion, spreading, and morphology of MSC. The integrity of the cell membrane, cytoskeleton, and vinculin of MSC were negatively influenced by large TiO 2 nanoparticles. Conclusion: The Transwell migration assay and a wound healing model suggested that TiO 2 nanoparticles had a strong adverse impact on cell migration as particle size increased (P , 0.01). Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase, gene expression of osteocalcin (OC) and osteopontin (OPN), and mineralization measurements indicate that the size of the TiO 2 nanoparticles negatively affected osteogenic differentiation of MSC.

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“…Endocytosis is present in almost every cell type and can proceed through four distinct pathways: (i) clathrin-mediated endocytosis, (ii) caveolin-mediated endocytosis, (iii) macropinocytosis, and (iv) theclathrin/caveolin-independent pathway. 175 Not every cell possesses all mechanisms. In addition, passive uptakeis a possible mechanism of cellular entry for some small molecules.…”

Section: Nano-bio Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity Associated with the Photo Catalytic and Photo Stable Forms of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Used in Sunscreen lotion

Pulvin¹

2015

MOJT

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Abbreviations: IARC, international agency for research on cancer; UV, ultraviolet; QD, quantum dot; ROS, reactive oxygen species; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; CB, conduction band IntroductionThe properties of materials change as their size approaches the nano particle scale, which is generally considered to be that with at least one dimension of 100nm or less. The toxicity of nanoparticles has been linked to such characteristics as elemental composition, charge, shape, Crystallinity, surface area, solubility and surface chemistry/ derivatization. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Understanding the nano particle-cell interaction is thought to be critical for the safe development of nano materials. 7 It seems unlikely that the potential toxicity of nanoparticles and the underlying mechanisms can be predicted or explained by any single unifying concept.This review is focused on Titania (TiO 2 ) for which there is substantial interest in the chemical, biological, and industrial worlds because of its fascinating and useful physicochemical properties. Currently, information describing the relative health and environmental risks associated with nano-TiO 2 is severely lacking. Only recently, critical questions regarding the potential human health and environmental impact of nano-TiO 2 have been raised. [8][9][10][11] TiO 2 particles have long been considered to pose little risk to respiratory health because they are both chemically and thermally stable. 12 However, TiO 2 is classified as a Group 2B carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) based on the findings of lung tumor induction in female rats. 13,14 Nano-TiO 2 is attractive for use in a large number of applications based on its unique optical and photo catalytic properties, tunable band gap, thermal stability, chemical resistance and hardness.15Because of the relatively large band-gap, the particles absorb the higher-energy (shorter wavelength) ultraviolet radiation making it a useful constituent in sunscreen products. TiO 2 photo catalysis is widely used in the fields of wastewater treatment, 16 sterilization, 17 self-cleaning, 18 hydrogen evolution, 19 and photoelectron chemical conversion. 20 Normally, TiO 2 can only be excited with ultraviolet (UV) light because of its wide band gap, 21 although this is considered a drawback when photo catalytic conversion is desired under visible light. The crystalline structure is the major factor determining the band gap, but secondary factors include the particle size and the presence of defects (physical or chemical). 22,23 A large surface-tomass ratio of the nanoparticles helps to promote catalytic reactions, and increases their ability to absorb and carry other compounds. Their surface reactivity originates from quantum phenomena that can make nano-TiO 2 seemingly unpredictable. 24Engineered nano-TiO 2 is designed to impart specific characteristics that vary according to their use. Aside from unique nanoscale properties (size, Crystallinity, reactivity, and thermodynamics), nanoTiO 2 may be funct...

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Endocytosis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in prostate cancer PC-3M cells

Cited by 135 publications

References 43 publications

Exploiting Endocytosis for Nanomedicines

Exploiting Endocytosis for Nanomedicines

Effects of titanium nanoparticles on adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

Toxicity Associated with the Photo Catalytic and Photo Stable Forms of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Used in Sunscreen lotion

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