Work up of adrenal masses includes assessment of endocrine activity and
malignancy risk. There is no indication for surgical removal of nonfunctional
adrenal adenomas, according to the guidelines. In the present study, we aimed at
evaluating the impact of a university endocrine tumor board on the quality of
the indications for adrenal surgery at our institution. One hundred consecutive
patients receiving primary adrenal surgery at the University Hospital of
Cologne, Germany were included. Their demographics, clinic-pathologic
characteristics, treatment and outcome were analyzed. In 55 (55%) cases,
indication for surgery consisted in functional benign tumors, including Conn,
Cushing adenomas and pheochromocytomas. Forty (40%) tumors were referred
to surgery for malignancy suspicion and 5 (5%) myelolipomas were removed
due to their size. Eighty-nine percent of surgeries were performed as minimally
invasive procedures. Overall morbidity included two (2%) self-limiting
pancreatic fistulas after left laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma.
All functional tumors were confirmed benign by final histology. Only 33
(82.5%) of 40 suspicious cases turned out to be malignant. Consequently,
nonfunctional benign adenomas were “unnecessarily” removed in
only 7 (7%) patients, with 6 (85.7%) of them having a history of
extra-adrenal cancer and all of them fulfilling criteria for surgery, according
to the international guidelines. In conclusion, the endocrine tumor board
provided an excellent adherence to the guidelines with most surgeries being
performed either for functional or malignant tumors. In nonfunctional tumors
with history of extra adrenal cancer, CT guided biopsy might be considered for
obviating surgery.