Endemic superficial pyoderma in children

Dajani, A. S.

doi:10.1001/archderm.108.4.517

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…It is not known whether these trends reflect similar patterns in the community, or in the case of younger children, of lower hospital admission thresholds. Previous NZ reports have observed similar trends [5–7, 11], but interestingly studies in the international literature report no gender predominance [2, 16, 20–23]. As these studies mainly comprise primary-care and population surveys, it is possible that simple skin infections are experienced equally by both genders but boys are more likely to suffer progression to a serious skin infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Increasing hospitalizations for serious skin infections in New Zealand children, 1990–2007

2010

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The incidence of serious skin infections in New Zealand children is significantly higher than in comparative countries. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of these infections and identify changes in disease distribution over time. Discharge data were analysed for all children admitted to a New Zealand public hospital with a serious skin infection during the period 1990-2007. Patient and admission variables were compared between 1990-1999 and 2000-2007. The incidence of serious skin infections almost doubled from 298·0/100,000 in 1990 to 547·3/100,000 in 2007. The highest rates were observed in boys, preschool-aged children, Māori and Pacific children, those living in deprived neighbourhoods, urban areas and northern regions. Over time there were disproportionate increases in infection rates in Māori and Pacific children and children from highly deprived areas. Serious skin infections are an increasing problem for New Zealand children. Worsening ethnic and socioeconomic health inequalities may be contributing to increasing rates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Increasing hospitalizations for serious skin infections in New Zealand children, 1990–2007

2010

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“…Whether Native Americans are essentially predisposed to acquiring S. aureus is not known at this time. However, some authors have speculated about risk factors among Native Americans, including depressed socioeconomic levels, overcrowded living conditions, sanitation concerns, limited access to health care, and empirical use of antibiotics (3,11,14,18,28). The majority of the individuals seeking medical care at a Native American clinic are likely of Native American ethnicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence and Spread of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Rural Wisconsin, 1989 to 1999

2004

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“…Less is known about noninvasive GAS and post-GAS sequelae among AI/AN in recent decades. Studies among AI children in Minnesota during the 1960s and 1970s showed high rates of poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis in addition to a >80% prevalence of pyoderma ( 24 , 25 ). Despite national declines in rheumatic heart disease, limited reports reveal rates of rheumatic heart disease in AI nearly 5 times national estimates (4.6 vs. <1.0 cases/1,000 population) ( 26 ) along with higher rates of rheumatic heart disease–related death ( 27 ).…”

Section: Influencing Factors In Igasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparate Effects of Invasive Group A Streptococcus on Native Americans

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McAuley²

2020

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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S treptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus [GAS]) causes a range of pyogenic, toxigenic, and immunologic diseases with varying degrees of severity, from pharyngitis and impetigo to necrotizing fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (1). Improved sanitation and increased availability of antimicrobial drugs have led to a decline in GAS incidence and virulence (2), but concern about invasive GAS (iGAS) has increased in recent decades (3). Each year, ≈500,000 deaths occur worldwide from GAS; 160,000 of these are from invasive infections, of which 97% occur in resource-limited countries (4). Some of the highest rates of iGAS occur in Indigenous populations within industrialized countries (5), most likely as a consequence of health disparities between general populations and marginalized peoples, in addition to a poorly understood host-pathogen relationship. In the United States, American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) suffer from high rates of iGAS, but epidemiologic and clinical data on GAS among these Indigenous populations is more sparse than it is in other industrialized nations (6). We highlight discordance between the substantial effect of iGAS on AI/AN and understanding of factors that influence iGAS disease in these vulnerable US populations and in other Indigenous persons. iGAS in the United States During the 1980s, the first reports of streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome resulted in a resurgence in concern about GAS disease. A population-based study of iGAS in the United States found a stable annual incidence rate of 4.3 cases/100,000 population during 1985-1990 (7). Despite this stable rate, GAS disease increased, and multiorgan dysfunction and hypotension signaled an increase in GAS severity. This study prompted the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to add iGAS to the Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) program. The first survey, which assessed iGAS in the United States during 1995-1999, found an annual incidence of 2.2-4.8 iGAS cases/100,000 population (3). Rates were stable in 2 follow-up epidemiologic studies that showed iGAS incidence of 3.5 cases/100,000 population for 2000-2004 and 3.8 cases/100,000 population for 2005-2012 (1,8). The CDC reports suggested stability with unchanging rates and disease distribution. Each report concluded that iGAS incidence had been stable not only intrastudy but also across decades, starting with the work of Hoge et al. (7). The researchers referenced higher rates of iGAS among Indigenous populations of other countries, and ABCs data indicated that AI/AN make up <2% of the country but contributed 4% of iGAS cases during 2000-2012 (1,8). This finding provides at least inferential evidence of higher rates of iGAS among AI/ AN that warrants further investigation.

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Endemic superficial pyoderma in children

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Increasing hospitalizations for serious skin infections in New Zealand children, 1990–2007

Increasing hospitalizations for serious skin infections in New Zealand children, 1990–2007

Emergence and Spread of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Rural Wisconsin, 1989 to 1999

Disparate Effects of Invasive Group A Streptococcus on Native Americans

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