End the Lockdown for Animals – Reflecting and Campaigning on Three Key Arenas of Human-Animal Interaction Linked to Zoonotic Diseases.

Pluda, Martina

doi:10.5565/rev/da.543

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In terms of scale, fur farming involves approximately 85 to 100 million animals annually (Pluda, 2020;Halliday and McCulloch, 2022;Linzey and Linzey, 2022). In comparison, terrestrial livestock farming for protein consumption involves an estimated 74 billion animals annually (Our world in data, 2020).…”

Section: Brief Comparison Of Fur Farming With Livestock Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The global value of fur farming has been estimated at $40bn (ActAsia, 2019), and the industry directly employs around 60,000 people (Gremmen, 2014). Presently, fur farming may involve between 85 and 100 million animals per year (Pluda, 2020;Halliday and McCulloch, 2022;Linzey and Linzey, 2022), with the main production regions being Europe, the United States, and China (Gremmen, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Production, marketing, and consumption of fur has raised longstanding key concerns from nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) and the surveyed public regarding, notably, animal welfare (Picket and Harris, 2015;ActAsia, 2019;Halliday and McCulloch, 2022), zoonoses and public health (Picket and Harris, 2015;ActAsia, 2019), environmental issues, carbon emissions and footprint (ActAsia, 2019), and ethics (Sun, 2013;Picket and Harris, 2015;Thubron, 2017;ActAsia, 2019;Gorbach, 2021;Arney, 2022;Linzey and Linzey, 2022). Leading NGOs, academics, and public opinion have called for the development and implementation of legislation to alleviate or, in particular, completely prohibit fur farming practices that involve harm to animals, people, and the environment (Laatu, 2013;Sun, 2013;Picket and Harris, 2015;ActAsia, 2019;Arney, 2022;Fur Free Alliance, 2020;Pluda, 2020). The scientific community has also provided numerous studies documenting issues and concerns that broadly support the messages of the NGO reports, and this information will be presented later.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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One health implications of fur farming

Warwick,

Pilny,

Steedman

et al. 2023

Front. Anim. Sci.

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Fur farming involves the captive-breeding, rearing, and killing of between 85 – 100 million animals annually for their pelts. The purpose of this report is to summarise key areas of significance and concern regarding fur farming, and discuss these matters and their one-health considerations. We conducted primary literature searches using Google Scholar and PubMed that focused on issues of animal welfare, zoonoses and public health, and environmental impacts of fur farming, and examined 280 reports. We identified that at least 15 species are farmed for fur across at least 19 countries. We found 16 categories of animal welfare concern (e.g., deprivation, stress, abnormal behaviours, insanitary conditions, forced obesity, and high morbidity and mortality), 18 reported endemic pathogens and diseases with confirmed or potential zoonotic and cross-species implications (e.g., bacterial n = 6, viral n = 5, and parasitic n = 7), and four main categories of environmental concern (e.g., greenhouse gas emissions, invasive alien species, toxic chemicals, and eutrophication) associated with fur farming. Despite numerous efforts to systematically monitor and control animal welfare at fur farms, practices continue to fail to meet normal scientific principles and models used in other animal welfare situations. In our view, limited available data does not currently indicate that fur farms are major sources of zoonotic epidemics and pandemics. The environmental problems caused by fur farming are significant, and relate mainly to invasive species, toxic chemical release and eutrophication of water bodies. We offer some recommendations for monitoring and controlling particular fur farming practices, in line with many governments and other investigators we conclude that inherent problems are essentially unresolvable and advocate complete prohibitions on the sector.

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Section: Brief Comparison Of Fur Farming With Livestock Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%