En route of electric vehicles with the vehicle to grid technique in distribution networks: Status and technological review

Arfeen, Zeeshan Ahmad; Khairuddin, Azhar; Munir, Abdullah; Azam, Mehreen Kausar; Faisal, Mohammad; Arif, Muhammad

doi:10.1002/est2.115

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 144 publications

(153 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, the V2G mode can help to reduce the grid current harmonics. The battery chargers are treated as variable impedance and eliminate the harmonics issue through appropriate filtering methods [45].…”

Section: B Smart Operation Modes Of Bidirectional Obcmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Bidirectional On-Board Chargers for Electric Vehicles

et al. 2021

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The fast development of electric vehicles (EVs) provides significant opportunities to further utilize clean energies in the automotive. On-board chargers (OBCs) are widely used in EVs because of their simple installation and low cost. Limited space in the vehicle and short charging time require an OBC to be power-dense and highly efficient. Moreover, the possibility for EVs to deliver power back to the grid has increased the interest in bidirectional power flow solutions in the automotive market. This paper presents a comprehensive overview and investigation on the state-of-the-art solutions of bidirectional OBCs. It reviews the current status, including architectures and configurations, smart operation modes, industry standards, major components, and commercially available products. A detailed overview of the promising topologies for bidirectional OBCs, including two-stage and single-stage structures, is provided. Future trends and challenges for topologies, wide bandgap technologies, thermal management, system integration, and wireless charging systems are also discussed in this paper.

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Section: B Smart Operation Modes Of Bidirectional Obcmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Bidirectional On-Board Chargers for Electric Vehicles

et al. 2021

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“…A probabilistic approach in which EVs are scattered randomly across distribution network nodes is used to examine the effects on distribution networks in Reference 27. In addition, the expected problems that arise when the power is drawn from the grid to the vehicle in the charging scenario and when power is fed to grid in the discharge state (from V2G) are analyzed critically as dynamic storage 28 …”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic model for an electric vehicle charging station with v ehicle‐to‐grid functionality

et al. 2020

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Summary Energy consumption is increasing in parallel with the population and technological advancements. Albeit the energy efficiency efforts, industrial consumption, and transportation have quite important roles in this increase. The electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to constitute a positive solution to mitigate energy use in transportation. Increasing penetration of EVs into public transport provides new opportunities both for environmental sustainability and transportation infrastructure. To project the potential operator revenue, we set up a hybrid model (solar and storage), which optimizes scheduling for the EV charging unit and evaluates environmental and economic benefits. Different operational scenarios of PV‐assisted charging stations will be simulated and solved with Rule‐based decision making. Since regulations have an important role in building the optimization model, scenarios are created considering different European regulations. Uncertainties depending on the traffic jam (arrival‐departure times), technological differences of the charging stations are encountered in the model. The results are compared among three different scenarios. Net present value of the system changes for different scenarios and electricity sale price is one of the main factors. This value tends to increase after an annual electricity sale price increase rate of 11%. Novelty statement In this study, the effect of different economic parameters on an electric vehicle charging station were analyzed. A system with electric vehicles, solar panel support, and external battery was mathematically modeled and a case study was done.

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“…One of the most well‐known and signature technologies in smart grids is integration of electric vehicles (EV) which are generally modeled as mobile demand or energy storage (ES) 1 . However, the accidental and unplanned connection of EVs to a distribution network can have adverse effects on the system operation, and be an issue for the Distribution Company Operator (DISCO).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal resiliency‐oriented charging station allocation for electric vehicles considering uncertainties

Akhgarzarandy

Wang

Farzinfar

2021

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary This paper presents a resiliency‐oriented multi‐objective approach for optimal allocation of electric vehicles' (EV) charging station (EVCS) within distribution network. In addition, the effect of implementation of the demand response programs (DRP) is considered while allocating EVCSs. For this purpose, an appropriate modeling for considering various uncertainties such as consumption load, energy price, and initial state of EV charge are firstly presented. Moreover, the uncertainty and dynamic risk of wind speed during extreme weather conditions, as an important parameter that affects lines outage and grid resiliency, are accurately modeled. In the proposed methodology of this paper, the benefits obtained by ENS reduction and power loss is optimally shared with the EVCS owner to incentivize the investors to cooperate with DISCO and to invest in the construction of EVCS. The formulated problem is solved by utilization of an NSGA‐II‐based method embedded by scenario‐based approach and Monte‐Carlo method. The proposed formulation is applied to a standard network (IEEE 9 buses), and related Pareto‐front solutions for an economic‐resilient EVCS allocation, while maximizing benefits of Distribution Company Operator (DISCO) and EVCS owner are calculated. The results show that, in case of allocation two EVCSs and applying DRP program, total profits of DISCO is increased by 36.70% and 40.07%, respectively, compared with traditional grid that there is no EVCS or DRP implementation. Moreover, applying DRP, with its positive effect on peak load and power losses, reduces the EVCS capacities.

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En route of electric vehicles with the vehicle to grid technique in distribution networks: Status and technological review

Cited by 41 publications

References 144 publications

A Review of Bidirectional On-Board Chargers for Electric Vehicles

A Review of Bidirectional On-Board Chargers for Electric Vehicles

Economic model for an electric vehicle charging station with v ehicle‐to‐grid functionality

Optimal resiliency‐oriented charging station allocation for electric vehicles considering uncertainties

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