Empowering Australian insecticide resistance research with genetic information: the road ahead

Thia, Joshua A.; Hoffmann, Ary A.; Umina, Paul A

doi:10.1111/aen.12512

Cited by 13 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…The issue of whether similar selection pressures result in different genetic outcomes has been an enduring interest in evolutionary biology (Cohan & Hoffmann, 1989; Arendt & Reznick, 2008; Barghi et al ., 2020), with recent genomic and transcriptomic work highlighting both unique responses of related populations to similar selection pressures as well as divergent responses when polygenic changes are expected (Griffin et al ., 2017; Seabra et al ., 2018; Sprengelmeyer & Pool, 2021). Localised population-specific genetic changes may prove challenging when attempting to develop predictive tools for evolutionary changes, such as diagnostic molecular markers, for screening resistance (Thia et al ., 2021a). Currently, we are further investigating the potentially complex interplay between ace copy number, ace alleles, their associated structural arrangements, and additional genomic factors on organophosphate resistance in H. destructor .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reference genomes have aided the investigation of historic demography (Chen et al ., 2020; Cao et al ., 2022), invasion routes (Rispe et al ., 2020; Tay et al ., 2022) and patterns of admixture (Zhang et al ., 2020) in agricultural pests globally. From a management perspective, understanding demographic processes operating at an individual pest level can be useful for designing strategies that limit reintroductions from high risk source populations, or for reducing the spread of pesticide resistance (Tay & Gordon, 2019; Thia et al ., 2021a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The redlegged earth mite draft genome provides new insights into pesticide resistance evolution and demography in its invasive Australian range

Thia

Korhonen

Young

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We present the first draft genome for an invasive mite, the redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Tucker, 1925), a major pest of Australian grains and pasture. Our de novo assembly comprised 132 contigs, with a total length of 48.90 Mb, an N50 of 874,492, an L50 of 14, a GC content of 45.3%, 14,583 putative genes, and a high level of completeness as assessed through benchmark single copy orthologs (BUSCO >89%). We use our draft genome to gain insights into the unresolved genetic mechanism of organophosphate resistance and demographic processes in the invasive Australian populations. We found that the acetylcholinesterase gene (ace), the target of organophosphate pesticides, has undergone a large amplification event in H. destructor. Copy number of this gene is considerably larger compared to most other arthropod pests and is likely to contribute to organophosphate resistance in this species. Congruent with a stepping-stone invasion pathway, we found that western populations were more genetically diverse (higher genomic heterozygosity) and had larger population sizes (as inferred from demographic analyses) relative to eastern populations. Our demographic analyses were, however, equivocal on the role of gene flow in shaping these genetic patterns. Due to the short evolutionary timescale since the H. destructor Australian invasion, it is challenging to discern between recent divergence with isolation versus ongoing gene flow. Our draft genome for H. destructor is the first assembled for mites in the family Penthaleidae of the order Trombidiformes, an under-represented group with few available reference genomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The redlegged earth mite draft genome provides new insights into pesticide resistance evolution and demography in its invasive Australian range

Thia

Korhonen

Young

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Whilst localized models can be successfully developed, they are almost always constrained to single species (Feng, Gould, Huang, Jiang, & Wu, 2010; Ives et al, 2017; Ma et al, 2021; Maino, Umina, & Hoffmann, 2018). We recommend future research and data management infrastructures capture fine-scale chemical usages patterns and the spatio-temporal variation in pesticide tolerance phenotypes across key pest species (see Thia et al, 2021). Such data is necessary to generate multi-species predictive models at scales relevant for localized management that can be readily refined through time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanding risk predictions of pesticide resistance evolution in arthropod pests with a proxy for selection pressure

Thia

Maino

Kelly

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The evolution of chemical resistance in pests is a global threat to food security and human health, yet resistance issues are mostly dealt with after they occur. Predictive models of resistance risk provide an opportunity for field practitioners to implement proactive strategies to manage pest species more effectively. These models require identification of variables that are associated with resistance risk. Phagy and voltinism, for example, have been previously shown as useful predictors of resistance evolution. Yet despite the importance of chemical selection pressure in resistance evolution, this predictor has been difficult to incorporate into predictive models due to incomplete and (or) poor datasets on chemical usage patterns. Here we test whether chemical registrations of pesticide products can act as a proxy for selection pressures in predictive models. We obtained pesticide product registrations from publicly available chemical databases for 427 agricultural arthropod pest species in the USA and 209 Australian species. We constructed Bayesian logistic regressions of resistance status as a function of the number of pesticide product registrations for 42 chemical Mode of Action (MoA) groups, as well as phagy and voltinism. These models were well supported by our data and cross-validation analyses and could discriminate between observations of resistance and susceptibility in both USA and Australian species sets. Moreover, we found strong support for a positive correlation between pesticide product registrations and resistance status. We propose a “registration–selection–resistance” hypothesis to explain this positive association, involving a positive feedback loop between marketing and social factors of pesticide use with the evolutionary processes of selection and adaptation. Pesticide product registrations provide a predictive variable that is specific to both pest species and chemical MoA groups. Our work aids the development of predictive models for proactive resistance management, combining ecological and operational factors, with broad applicability across a suite of agricultural pests, including weeds and fungi.

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“…The genetic investigation of insecticide resistance is a powerful tool aiding the development of rapid insecticide management strategies as well as the understanding of resistance evolution dynamics (Thia et al . 2021). Here our limited genetic and resistance investigation revealed two important findings about Australian migrated S. frugiperda : (1) being target‐site‐mediated group 1 insecticide resistance is very common so potentially a serious problem, and (2) pyrethroid and diamide‐mediated target‐site resistance was not detected so must be at least be not common or possibly even absent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary characterisation of known pesticide resistance alleles in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in its invasive Australian range

Nguyễn

Herron

2021

Austral Entomology

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Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) has recently been detected in Australia. Globally, S. frugiperda is reported to be resistant to insecticides, including those permitted for its control by the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority. Consequently, an understanding of the insecticide resistance status of newly migrated S. frugiperda into Australia, as well as an ability to accurately identify newly hatched larvae, would facilitate sustainable management. To aid identification, we developed a real‐time polymerase chain reaction diagnostic assay that can identify S. frugiperda species, irrespective of life stage, and distinguish between the rice and corn strains. We then screened S. frugiperda individuals from Queensland, Western Australia, the Northern Territory and New South Wales for mutations causing target site insensitivity in the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) gene, the voltage‐gated sodium channel gene and the ryanodine receptor gene. In the populations tested, we found that mutation at positions A210S and F290V in AChE were common. These mutations are known to be associated with carbamate and organophosphate resistance in S. frugiperda outside Australia. In contrast, no mutation was found in gene voltage‐gated sodium channel causing pyrethroid resistance or the ryanodine receptor gene associated with diamide resistance. As S. frugiperda is new to Australia, the wide distribution of mutations in the AChE gene associated with organophosphate/carbamate resistance suggests that the original migrated S. frugiperda moths may have carried the mutations from outside Australia. As resistance genes have been detected, it is important to continue to monitor the resistance status of Australian S. frugiperda and further integrate complementary bioassay when available. Finally, as pesticide resistance is possible, it should be additionally considered when making pest management decisions and any spray failure should be followed by a pesticide from a different chemical group.

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Empowering Australian insecticide resistance research with genetic information: the road ahead

Cited by 13 publications

References 142 publications

The redlegged earth mite draft genome provides new insights into pesticide resistance evolution and demography in its invasive Australian range

The redlegged earth mite draft genome provides new insights into pesticide resistance evolution and demography in its invasive Australian range

Expanding risk predictions of pesticide resistance evolution in arthropod pests with a proxy for selection pressure

Preliminary characterisation of known pesticide resistance alleles in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in its invasive Australian range

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