Emploi et signification des cultures de dermatophytes sur terre et milieux a base de terre

The Persence of Dermatophytes and Other Keratinophilic Fungi in Soil

“…Areas frequented hx human beings or domestic animals"R elatively unfrequented areas lacking. In an effort to obtain it, Vanbreuseghem and Van Brussel (1952) studied dermatophytes in culture on soil and on media containing soil. They were unsuccessful, but they showed clearly that soil was a more natural environment than agar media ; that dermatophytes grew better on it and that old pleomorphic strains were rejuvenated.…”

“…Emmons (1934) in a masterly study succeeded in clearing away a lot of this confusion, and his classification is almost universally used today, at any rate by the Englishspeaking world. In the near future there will no doubt be changes in nomenclature because of the recent discovery of the perfect states of some of these fungi.A very interesting development in the history of the dermatophytes began when Emmons (1951) and, independently of him, Vanbreuseghem and Van Brussel (1952) pointed to the soil as a reservoir of pathogenic fungi. It is now well recognized that the ringworm fungi, like many of the fungi causing deep mycoses, are not obligatory human pathogens but lead an independent existence in the soil and probably play an important part in the breakdown of hair, fur, feathers and other keratinaceous debris.…”

“…A very interesting development in the history of the dermatophytes began when Emmons (1951) and, independently of him, Vanbreuseghem and Van Brussel (1952) pointed to the soil as a reservoir of pathogenic fungi. It is now well recognized that the ringworm fungi, like many of the fungi causing deep mycoses, are not obligatory human pathogens but lead an independent existence in the soil and probably play an important part in the breakdown of hair, fur, feathers and other keratinaceous debris.…”

“…Following the work: of Emmons and of Yanbreuseghem, AjeEo (1953), working in Atlanta, Georgia, described the isolation of Microsporum gypseum from soil. Ajello used Petri dishes filled with soil and baited with short tufts of autoclaved human hair, a method described by Kaiiing (1946) and by Vanbreuseghem (1952). Since then this method has been widely used and Mtcrosporum gypseum as well as other keratinophilic fungi have been isolated from soil in Britain, Belgium, Hungary, Germany, Australia, New Zealand and other parts of the world.…”

L’opportunisme chez les dermatophytes

“…On connaît la conservation, plutôt que la culture, des dermatophytes en eau distillée décrite par Castellani [1964], la culture sur gélose-terre proposée par Vanbreuseghem et Van Brussel [ 1952] pour la con servation des dermatophytes, la technique de transplantation de Takashio et Vanbreuseghem [1966] pour le rajeunissement des cultures, et d'une ma nière générale, l'influence que la composition du milieu de culture exerce sur le développement quantitatif et qualificatif des dermatophytes. 11 n'est pas sans intérêt à ce propos de rappeler ici mes expériences avec Tritsmans [1953] où nous avons montré in vitro qu'en présence d'une autre source nutritive que la kératine, par exemple du bouillon glucosé et peptoné, le dermato phyte n'attaque pas la kératine.…”