Emerging concepts in solid-state hydrogen storage: the role of nanomaterials design

Lightweight nanoporous metal hydroxide-rich zeotypes

“…For a purely siliceous framework, this yields respectable total pore volumes of more than 0.5 cm 3 g − 1 and for as-synthesized BET-P a value of 0.60 cm 3 g − 1 ; for a pure Be(OH) 2 composition with the BOT structure, a total pore volume of 0.763 cm 3 g − 1 and surface area (2 Å characteristic molecular diameter) of 2247 m 2 g − 1 can be calculated. This specific pore volume is about twice that of a typical aluminosilicate zeolite and corresponds to an idealized hydrogen uptake of 5.4wt%-far higher than those of the aluminosilicate zeolites 35 . Although the experimentally determined nitrogen uptake for framework BET-As is much lower, probably, because of incomplete dehydration under thermal conditions that do not start a collapse of the framework, respectable experimental uptakes of 0.36 cm 3 g − 1 were observed.…”

Facile preparation of β-/γ-MgH2 nanocomposites under mild conditions and pathways to rapid dehydrogenation

“…35 We suggest that the release of heat from an exothermic γ→β transition could provide the means by which dehydrogenation occurs more easily in the β-/γ-MgH 2 nanocomposite. Ultimately, a detailed dehydrogenation pathway for γ-MgH 2 is not yet known and thermodynamic data for the γ-phase is also not available. Simultaneous in situ powder diffraction combined with TGA could provide the best means for elucidating the dehydrogenation mechanism of this β-/γ-MgH 2 nanocomposite in the future.…”

“…Implementing a safe, low cost, and fully reversible solid hydrogen storage material with a gravimetric capacity in excess of 7.5 wt.% is major challenge for developing next generation energy storage systems. 1,2 Magnesium is a strong candidate material for solid state hydrogen storage because of its excellent reversibility, earth abundance, low cost and high hydrogen storage capacity (7.6 wt.%). It has thus been the topic of extensive research over the last 50 years.…”

Perspective of electrospun nanofibers in energy and environment

“…However, the cryogenic method requires a very low temperature, which significantly reduces its economic competitiveness; and high pressure vessels lead to lots of controversy on safety issues. Hence, storage in solid matrix is believed to be the most promising way for tackling the challenges in hydrogen storage (Reardon et al, 2012). In this section, the current status of the electrospun nanofibers in utilization for hydrogen storage is to be discussed in detail.…”