Emergence of chikungunya seropositivity in healthy Malaysian adults residing in outbreak-free locations: Chikungunya seroprevalence results from the Malaysian Cohort

Azami, Nor Azila Muhammad; Salleh, Sharifah Azura; Shah, Shamsul Azhar; Neoh, Hui Min; Othman, Zulhabri; Zakaria, Syed Zulkifli Syed; Jamal, A. Rahman A.

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-67

Cited by 39 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…In comparison to neighboring Malaysia, the CHIKV seroprevalence in this study is higher than that reported among healthy Malaysian adults ≥35 years old (5.9%) residing in outbreak-free areas [30]. In contrast, regional DENV seroprevalence rates have been comparable.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Seroprevalence of antibodies to dengue and chikungunya viruses in Thailand

et al. 2017

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The abundance of Aedes mosquito species enabled widespread transmission of mosquito-borne chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) in Southeast Asia. Periodic seroprevalence surveys are therefore necessary to assess the viral burden in the population and the effectiveness of public health interventions. Since the current seroprevalence for CHIKV and DENV in Thailand are unknown, we evaluated evidence of past infection among Thais. Eight-hundred and thirty-five serum samples obtained from individuals living in central and southern Thailand were assessed for anti-CHIKV and anti-DENV IgG antibodies using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Overall, 26.8% (224/835) of individuals were seropositive for CHIKV, the majority of whom were also DENV-seropositive (91.1%, 204/224). Approximately half of all adults in their fifth decade of life had attained CHIKV seropositivity. Children under 15 years of age in southern Thailand were significantly more likely to be CHIKV-seropositive compared to those residing in central Thailand. In contrast, 79.2% (661/835) of Thais were DENV-seropositive, 30.9% (204/661) of whom also had antibodies to CHIKV. CHIKV/DENV dual seropositivity among Thais was 24.4% (204/835). The age-standardized seroprevalence for DENV was three times that of CHIKV (80.5% vs. 27.2%). Relatively high CHIKV seroprevalence among adults living in central Thailand revealed an under-recognized CHIKV burden in the region, while the low-to-moderate transmission intensity of DENV (seroprevalence <50% at 9 years) is expected to reduce the impact of DENV vaccination in Thailand. This most recent seroprevalence data provide serological baselines for two of the most common mosquito-borne viruses in this region.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Seroprevalence of antibodies to dengue and chikungunya viruses in Thailand

et al. 2017

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“…Persistent vector populations and naïve populations contributed to notable pre-2000 CHIKV outbreaks in India, Myanmar/Burma, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam [35,36]. In the last decade, outbreaks have been reported in India, Indian Ocean islands, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, following a 41-year period of quiescence [37,38]. Good to better consensus on CHIKV presence was reported for 80% of Asian countries and clusters of complete consensus were observed ranging from Myanmar/Burma to Vietnam for south Asia and Indonesia to Papua New Guinea for south-east Asian islands (Figure 5a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global distribution and environmental suitability for chikungunya virus, 1952 to 2015

et al. 2016

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Chikungunya fever is an acute febrile illness caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), which is transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes. Although chikungunya fever is rarely fatal, patients can experience debilitating symptoms that last from months to years. Here we comprehensively assess the global distribution of chikungunya and produce high-resolution maps, using an established modelling framework that combines a comprehensive occurrence database with bespoke environmental correlates, including up-to-date Aedes distribution maps. This enables estimation of the current total population-at-risk of CHIKV transmission and identification of areas where the virus may spread to in the future. We identified 94 countries with good evidence for current CHIKV presence and a set of countries in the New and Old World with potential for future CHIKV establishment, demonstrated by high environmental suitability for transmission and in some cases previous sporadic reports. Aedes aegypti presence was identified as one of the major contributing factors to CHIKV transmission but significant geographical heterogeneity exists. We estimated 1.3 billion people are living in areas at-risk of CHIKV transmission. These maps provide a baseline for identifying areas where prevention and control efforts should be prioritised and can be used to guide estimation of the global burden of CHIKV.

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“…In some studies, men appeared to be more susceptible to dengue infection whereas in others, women were more affected, and no gender differences were noted in others. This inconsistency may relate to gender differences in exposure to infection due to community-specific habits, customs or behaviours (Sissoko et al, 2008 andAzami et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%