Emergence and clonal dissemination of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis causing salmonellosis in Mauritius

Issack, Mohammad Iqbal; Hendriksen, René S.; Hyytiä-Trees, Eija; Svendsen, Christina Aaby; Mikoleit, Matthew

doi:10.3855/jidc.3695

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…The recent sampling of the Suriname isolate (2016) raises a concern that breeding stock-mediated intercontinental spread of Salmonella Enteritidis still occurs. Similarly, a Mauritius clade in the Atlantic lineage supports a relatively recent Salmonella Enteritidis introduction to the country, which is in agreement with the pathogen’s emergence and clonal dissemination in the country that was detected only after 2007 40 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

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Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks

Mann

et al. 2021

Nat Commun

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A pandemic of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis emerged in the 1980s due to contaminated poultry products. How Salmonella Enteritidis rapidly swept through continents remains a historical puzzle as the pathogen continues to cause outbreaks and poultry supply becomes globalized. We hypothesize that international trade of infected breeding stocks causes global spread of the pathogen. By integrating over 30,000 Salmonella Enteritidis genomes from 98 countries during 1949–2020 and international trade of live poultry from the 1980s to the late 2010s, we present multifaceted evidence that converges on a high likelihood, global scale, and extended protraction of Salmonella Enteritidis dissemination via centralized sourcing and international trade of breeding stocks. We discovered recent, genetically near-identical isolates from domestically raised poultry in North and South America. We obtained phylodynamic characteristics of global Salmonella Enteritidis populations that lend spatiotemporal support for its dispersal from centralized origins during the pandemic. We identified concordant patterns of international trade of breeding stocks and quantitatively established a driving role of the trade in the geographic dispersal of Salmonella Enteritidis, suggesting that the centralized origins were infected breeding stocks. Here we demonstrate the value of integrative and hypothesis-driven data mining in unravelling otherwise difficult-to-probe pathogen dissemination from hidden origins.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The Suriname isolate from a domestically raised bird was sampled by the Caribbean Integrated Surveillance System on Antimicrobial Resistance 56 and included here. We further sequenced Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from domestic poultry in Mauritius ( n = 8) 40 . DNA was extracted using the QiaAmp DNA Mini kit (Qiagen, Germantown, MD, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks

Mann

et al. 2021

Nat Commun

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“…In Mauritius, in 2009, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis was isolated in humans without resistance identified for all antibiotic tested; transmission by chicken consumption was suspected (56). In 2014, Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Antibiotic Resistance in the Indian Ocean Commission: A Human and Animal Health Issue

Belmonte

Collard

Halifa³

et al. 2017

Front. Public Health

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to human, animal health, and environment worldwide. For human, transmission occurred through a variety of routes both in health-care settings and community. In animals, AMR was reported in livestock, pets, and wildlife; transmission of AMR can be zoonotic with the probably most important route being foodborne transmission. The Indian Ocean Commission (IOC), composed of Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion (France), and Seychelles recognized the surveillance of AMR in both animal and human as a main public health priority for the region. Mayotte, French overseas territory, located in Comoros archipelago, was also included in this review. This review summarized our best epidemiological knowledge regarding AMR in Indian Ocean. We documented the prevalence, and phenotypic and genotypic profiles of prone to resistance Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria both in animals and humans. Our review clearly pointed out extended-spectrum β-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae as main human and animal health issue in IOC. However, publications on AMR are scarce, particularly in Comoros, Mayotte, and Seychelles. Thus, research and surveillance priorities were recommended (i) estimating the volume of antimicrobial drugs used in livestock and human medicine in the different territories [mainly third generation cephalosporin (3GC)]; (ii) developing a “One Health” surveillance approach with epidemiological indicators as zoonotic foodborne pathogen (i.e., couple Escherichia coli resistance to 3GC/carbapenems); (iii) screening travelers with a history of hospitalization and consumption of antibiotic drug returning from at risk areas (e.g., mcr-1 transmission with China or hajj pilgrims) allowing an early warning detection of the emergence for quick control measures implementation in IOC.

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A Systematic Review of the Incidence, Risk Factors and Case Fatality Rates of Invasive Nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) Disease in Africa (1966 to 2014)

2017

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This study systematically reviews the literature on the occurrence, incidence and case fatality rate (CFR) of invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease in Africa from 1966 to 2014. Data on the burden of iNTS disease in Africa are sparse and generally have not been aggregated, making it difficult to describe the epidemiology that is needed to inform the development and implementation of effective prevention and control policies. This study involved a comprehensive search of PubMed and Embase databases. It documents the geographical spread of iNTS disease over time in Africa, and describes its reported incidence, risk factors and CFR. We found that Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) have been reported as a cause of bacteraemia in 33 out of 54 African countries, spanning the five geographical regions of Africa, and especially in sub-Saharan Africa since 1966. Our review indicates that NTS have been responsible for up to 39% of community acquired blood stream infections in sub-Saharan Africa with an average CFR of 19%. Salmonella Typhimurium and Enteritidis are the major serovars implicated and together have been responsible for 91%% of the cases of iNTS disease, (where serotype was determined), reported in Africa. The study confirms that iNTS disease is more prevalent amongst Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected individuals, infants, and young children with malaria, anaemia and malnutrition. In conclusion, iNTS disease is a substantial cause of community-acquired bacteraemia in Africa. Given the high morbidity and mortality of iNTS disease in Africa, it is important to develop effective prevention and control strategies including vaccination.

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Emergence and clonal dissemination of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis causing salmonellosis in Mauritius

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks

Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks

Review of Antibiotic Resistance in the Indian Ocean Commission: A Human and Animal Health Issue

A Systematic Review of the Incidence, Risk Factors and Case Fatality Rates of Invasive Nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) Disease in Africa (1966 to 2014)

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