Embryogenic Capacity of Embryo-Derived Explants From Different Olive Cultivars

Mazri, Mouaad Amine; Belkoura, I.; Pliego‐Alfaro, Fernando; Belkoura, M.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2012.929.57

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…However, plantlet survival during acclimatization should be improved [13]. Developing efficient regeneration systems through somatic embryogenesis or organogenesis will undoubtedly contribute to the propagation, genetic improvement and preservation of argan, as was the case in other oil crops [20][21][22][23]. Recently, a regeneration system has been established for argan through organogenesis [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Root Induction from Argan (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) Adventitious Shoots: Influence of Ammonium Nitrate, Auxins, Silver Nitrate and Putrescine, and Evaluation of Plantlet Acclimatization

Amghar

Ibriz

Ibrahimi

et al. 2021

Plants

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Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels is an endangered plant species endemic to Morocco. In recent years, attempts to develop in vitro regeneration systems for this species were made. However, rooting and acclimatization of in vitro plants have been a bottleneck for successful propagation. In the present study, the effects of different concentrations of auxins, putrescine, silver nitrate (AgNO3) and ammonium nitrate on the in vitro rooting of adventitious shoots of two argan genotypes “Mejji” and “R’zwa”, were evaluated. The highest rooting percentages (86.6% in “Mejji” and 84.4% in “R’zwa”) were observed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium modified by reducing the ammonium nitrate concentration and supplemented with 1.5 mg L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 0.5 mg L−1 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2 mg L−1 AgNO3 and 160 mg L−1 putrescine. This medium resulted in the development of a good root system after only 10 days of culture. Plantlet acclimatization was carried out using different substrate mixtures, and high survival rates (100%) were observed when the substrate contained either peat alone or a sand–peat mixture (1:1, w/w). The high percentages of rooting and acclimatization reported in the present study are of high importance for rapid and large-scale propagation of this endangered species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Root Induction from Argan (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) Adventitious Shoots: Influence of Ammonium Nitrate, Auxins, Silver Nitrate and Putrescine, and Evaluation of Plantlet Acclimatization

Amghar

Ibriz

Ibrahimi

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…When zygotic explants were used, the results showed that the embryogenesis capacity was significantly different between the two cultivars, confirming the difference in the embryogenic competence according to juvenile plant material of the cultivars. According to multiple authors, somatic embryogenesis depends on the genotype and, therefore, on the cultivar [ 14 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. However, it has been reported that many olive cultivars are recalcitrant to in vitro culture and, especially, to the induction of somatic embryogenesis, while others respond perfectly to this regeneration process and with a higher embryogenic potential [ 14 , 35 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to multiple authors, somatic embryogenesis depends on the genotype and, therefore, on the cultivar [ 14 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. However, it has been reported that many olive cultivars are recalcitrant to in vitro culture and, especially, to the induction of somatic embryogenesis, while others respond perfectly to this regeneration process and with a higher embryogenic potential [ 14 , 35 , 39 ]. For many plants, genotype-dependent somatic embryogenesis is related to the accumulation of some transcripts such as CmAGL11 (affecting the expression of several genes related to the gibberellin, auxin, and ethylene pathways) [ 41 ] or to chemical compounds and proteins, including antioxidants [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxidase Enzyme Fractions as Markers of Somatic Embryogenesis Capacities in Olive (Olea europaea L.)

Oulbi

Kohaich

Baaziz

et al. 2021

Plants

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As part of the search for biochemical markers of somatic embryogenesis in tissue cultures of olive (Olea europaea L.), peroxidases (POXs) in both the soluble and ionically wall-bound fractions were studied in two reputed olive cultivars (cvs.): “Picholine Marocaine” and “Dahbia”. In order to carry out embryogenesis induction, proximal cotyledons were cultured in modified olive medium (OMc) supplemented with 25 μM indole-3-butylic acid (IBA) and 2.5 μM 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP), while distal leaf fragments (somatic explants) were cultured in OMc supplemented with 4.56 µM zeatin riboside (ZR) and 10.25 µM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Regarding embryogenic potentials, the zygotic explants (cv. Picholine Marocaine: 43.39%; cv. Dahbia: 53.41%) were more regenerative than the somatic explants (cv. Picholine Marocaine: 13.05%; cv. Dahbia: 19.51%). The enzyme assay showed a higher POX activity in embryogenic calluses (ECs) than in nonembryogenic calluses (NECs) for the zygotic explants in both studied cultivars. When expressed as units per milligram of proteins (U mg−1 proteins), the highest total POXs activities (soluble POXs + ionically wall-bound POXs) were found in the ECs derived from the zygotic explants; for cv. Dahbia, 65% of the enzyme activities came from the ionically wall-bound fractions. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the ECs of the highly active cv. Dahbia were characterized by highly active isoperoxidases that were revealed in four migration zones, particularly a doublet in the A4 zone (Rf 0.70–0.73) present in the ionically wall-bound POXs. The fast-moving anodic POXs of the ionically wall-bound fractions could be adopted as an early electrophoretic test to determine the embryogenesis capacities in olive tissue culture materials. As biochemical markers, the POX enzyme and its profile in fractions, i.e., as soluble POXs and ionically wall-bound POXs, can offer a valuable tool for improving the tissue culture of olive via somatic embryogenesis.

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“…However, 53.3 and 56.7 % of calli induced on OMc containing respectively IAA or IBA continue to proliferate better with production of nodules (Figure 1C) while 76.7 and 86.7 % of calli obtained respectively on OMc and MS containing 2,4-D showed a high browning with a low callogenesis (6 to 10 %) close to the control allowing 6.7 % of proliferation (Table 1). Mazri et al (2012) noted that olive calli in the absence of cytokinin and reduced concentrations of auxins turn brown quickly due to a high accumulation of phenolic compounds reducing cell growth (Trabelsi et al, 2011). Nevertheless, calli produced in the presence of NAA were slightly browned (16 to 30 %) but with a significant loss of their proliferation capacity.…”

Section: Induction Of Embryogenic Callimentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from radicles of olive (Olea europaea ‘Chemlal’) zygotic embryos

Titouh

HADJ-MOUSSA

Boufis

et al. 2022

AAS

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<p>Olive improvement by biotechnological tools such as genetic transformation requires an efficient in vitro regeneration system. Somatic embryogenesis seems the most suitable process. Our work describes for the first time the regeneration of whole plants in the main olive cultivar in Algeria ‘Chemlal’ via somatic embryogenesis induced from radicles of mature zygotic embryos. The obtained results showed that the establishment of a competent embryogenic culture is highly influenced by the chemical composition of the calli induction and maintenance media as well as addition of growth regulators. More than 10 and 13 % of nodular calli were obtained after callogenesis respectively on MS and OMc solid media containing IBA and zeatin followed by transfer to the same media without zeatin and a reduced concentration of auxin, while embryogenesis rates of 3.3 and 6.7 % were obtained respectively with IAA on MS medium and NAA on both tested media. However, no embryogenesis was observed with 2, 4-D or control which induced less callogenesis. Subsequently, an ECO medium with IBA, zeatin and BA particularly in liquid culture, allows better calli proliferation and embryogenic expression compared to OM and MS media. Finally, matured somatic embryos germinate quickly on a solid OM basal medium and generate normal well-developed plantlets easily acclimatized to natural conditions.</p>

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Embryogenic Capacity of Embryo-Derived Explants From Different Olive Cultivars

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

In Vitro Root Induction from Argan (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) Adventitious Shoots: Influence of Ammonium Nitrate, Auxins, Silver Nitrate and Putrescine, and Evaluation of Plantlet Acclimatization

In Vitro Root Induction from Argan (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) Adventitious Shoots: Influence of Ammonium Nitrate, Auxins, Silver Nitrate and Putrescine, and Evaluation of Plantlet Acclimatization

Peroxidase Enzyme Fractions as Markers of Somatic Embryogenesis Capacities in Olive (Olea europaea L.)

Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from radicles of olive (Olea europaea ‘Chemlal’) zygotic embryos

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