Elliptic Flow in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>A</mml:mi><mml:mi>u</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>A</mml:mi><mml:mi>u</mml:mi></mml:math>Collisions at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>√</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>NN</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mspace /><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mspace /><mml:mn>130</mml:mn><mml:mn /><mml:mi /><mml:mi>

Ackermann, K. H.; Adams, N. R.; Adler, C.; Ahammed, Z.; Ahmad, Shakeel; Allgower, C.; Amsbaugh, J. F.; Anderson, M.; Anderssen, E.; Arnesen, H.; Arnold, L.; Averichev, G. S.; Baldwin, A. R.; Balewski, J.; Barannikova, O.; Barnby, L. S.; Baudot, J.; Beddo, M. E.; Bekele, S.; Belaga, V. V.; Bellwied, R.; Bennett, S.; Bercovitz, J.; Berger, J.; Betts, W.; Bichsel, H.; Bieser, F.; Bland, L. C.; Bloomer, M. A.; Blyth, C. O.; Boehm, J.; Bonner, B. E.; Bron, Dominique; Bossingham, R.; Botlo, M.; Boucham, A.; Bouillo, N.; Bouvier, S.; Bradley, Kevin M.; Brady, F.P.; Braithwaite, Edwin S.; Braithwaite, W. J.; Brandin, A. V.; Brown, Richard; Brugalette, G.; Byrd, Christine A.; Caines, H.; Sánchez, M. Calderón De La Barca; Cardenas, A.; Carr, Lincoln D.; Carroll, J.; Castillo, J.; Caylor, B.; Cebra, D.; Chatopadhyay, S.; Chen, M. L.; Chen, W.; Chen, Y.; Chernenko, S.; Cherney, M.; Chikanian, A.; Choi, Bong‐Hyuk; Chrin, J.; Christie, W.; Coffin, J. P.; Conin, L.; Consiglio, C.; Cormier, T. 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A.; Huang, H. Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Hümmler, Holm Gero; Hunt, William H.; Hunter, J.; Igo, G.; Ishihara, A.; Ivanshin, Yu.; Jacobs, P.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jacobson, S.; Jared, R. C.; Jensen, Paul A.; Johnson, I.; Jones, P. G.; Judd, E. G.; Kaneta, M.; Kaplan, M.; Keane, D.; Kenney, V. P.; Khodinov, A.; Klay, J. L.; Klein, S. R.; Klyachko, A.; Koehler, G.; Константинов, А. С.; Kormilitsyne, V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kotov, I.V.; Kovalenko, A. D.; Krämer, M.; Кравцов, П.; Krueger, K.; Krupien, T.; Kuczewski, P.; Kuhn, C.; Kunde, G. J.; Kunz, C. L.; Kutuev, R.Kh.; Кузнецов, А. А.; Lakéhal-Ayat, L.; Lamas-Valverde, J.; Lamont, M. A.C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lange, S.; Lansdell, C. P.; Lasiuk, B.; Laue, F.; Lebedev, A.; LeCompte, T.; Leonhardt, W.; Leontiev, V. M.; Leszczyński, P.; LeVine, M. J.; Li, Q.; Li, Z.; Liaw, Chong-Jer; Lin, J.; Lindenbaum, S. J.; Lindenstruth, V.; Lindstrom, P. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, H.; Ljubičić, T.; Llope, W. J.; LoCurto, G.; Long, H.; Longacre, R. 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M.; Zhu, J.; Zimmerman, D.; Zoulkarneev, R.; Zubarev, A. N.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.86.402

Cited by 638 publications

(350 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Secondary interactions amongst the system's constituents can convert the initial coordinate-space anisotropy to a momentum-space anisotropy in the final state [1][2][3]. In this case, the spatial anisotropy decreases as the system expands so any observed momentum anisotropy will be most sensitive to the early phase of the evolution before the spatial asymmetry is smoothed [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This plane shifts away from the reaction plane due to fluctuations. It is expected that this larger, positive definite eccentricity will drive the anisotropic expansion thought to be responsible for v 2 [7]. The eccentricity calculated with respect to the participant axis is called ε part and the eccentricity calculated with respect to the reaction plane is called ε std .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurements of v 2 [8] have been taken to indicate the matter created in collisions at RHIC behaves like a perfect liquid with a viscosity-to-entropy ratio near a lower bound η/s > 1/4π derived both from the uncertainty principle [9] and string theory [10]. This conclusion is primarily based on hydrodynamic model predictions [8,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Energy and system-size dependence of two- and four-particlev2measurements in heavy-ion collisions atsNN=62.4and 200

Agakishiev¹,

Aggarwal²,

Ahammed³

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. C

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We present STAR measurements of azimuthal anisotropy by means of the two-and four-particle cumulants v 2 (v 2 {2} and v 2 {4}) for Au + Au and Cu + Cu collisions at center-of-mass energies √ s NN = 62.4 and 200 GeV. The difference between v 2 {2} 2 and v 2 {4} 2 is related to v 2 fluctuations (σ v 2 ) and nonflow (δ 2 ). We present an upper limit to σ v 2 /v 2 . Following the assumption that eccentricity fluctuations σ ε dominate v 2 fluctuations σv 2 v 2 ≈ σε ε we deduce the nonflow implied for several models of eccentricity fluctuations that would be required for consistency with v 2 {2} and v 2 {4}. We also present results on the ratio of v 2 to eccentricity.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Energy and system-size dependence of two- and four-particlev2measurements in heavy-ion collisions atsNN=62.4and 200

Agakishiev¹,

Aggarwal²,

Ahammed³

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. C

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…The conversion coefficient from participant definition v 2 {part} /ε 2 {part} follows similar trend as cumulant v 2 {k} /ε 2 {k}(k=2, 4,6). The trend of v n /ε n shows the hierarchy that v 2 {2} /ε 2 {2} is systematically higher than higher order cumulant v 2 {k} /ε 2 {k}(k=4,6) over the whole centrality region.…”

Section: Brief Description Of Ampt Modelmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…One of the most striking experimental results ever obtained in relativistic heavyion collisions is the strong elliptic flow (v 2 ). The fluidlike behavior of matter created in the early stage leads to the conclusion that the quark gluon plasma is like a nearly perfect liquid [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Due to the fluid-like properties of elliptic flow v 2 , hydrodynamic models have been widely used to make predictions and it was suggested that the final state anisotropy inherits information from initial state and carries additional information of the system evolution [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial partonic eccentricity fluctuations in a multiphase transport model

2016

Phys. Rev. C

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Initial partonic eccentricities in Au+Au collisions at center-of-mass energy √ sNN = 200 GeV are investigated using a multi-phase transport model with string melting scenario. The initial eccentricities in different order of harmonics are studied using participant and cumulant definitions. Eccentricity in terms of second-, fourth-and sixth order cumulants as a function of number of participant nucleons are compared systematically with the traditional participant definition. The ratio of the cumulant eccentricities ε {4} /ε {2} and ε {6} /ε {4} are studied in comparison with the ratio of the corresponding flow harmonics. The conversion coefficients (vn/εn) are explored up to fourth order harmonic based on cumulant method. Furthermore, studies on transverse momentum (pT ) and pseudo-rapidity (η) dependencies of eccentricities and their fluctuations are presented. As in ideal hydrodynamics initial eccentricities are expected to be closely related to the final flow harmonics in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, studies of the fluctuating initial condition in the AMPT model will shed light on the tomography properties of the initial source geometry.

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Theory of High-Energy A+A at RHIC

Gyulassy

Lectures on Quark Matter

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In these lectures I introduce aspects of current theory used to interpret the preliminary data on ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions at RHIC energies in terms of the physical properties of QCD matter at extreme densities. Topics covered include: What are the physics questions at SPS and RHIC?, Geometrical vs Dynamical features of A+A, the interplay of computable Hard pQCD vs phenomenological Soft dynamics, Baryon number transport and Junctions, How can we compute and get experimental control over the initial conditions?, how to reconcile apparent hydrodynamic behavior with partonic/hadronic transport theory. I use the preliminary RHIC data available up to June 1,2001 to illustrate these topics. Most technical details are deferred to the literature. However, since the main new observable at RHIC relative to SPS is jet quenching, I elaborate more on this "tomographic" probe of ultra-dense matter. The possible discovery of jet quenching at RHIC by STAR and PHENIX is highlighted. X 5 5 5 5 J J

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Elliptic Flow inAu+AuCollisions at√sNN=130

Cited by 638 publications

References 27 publications

Energy and system-size dependence of two- and four-particlev2measurements in heavy-ion collisions atsNN=62.4and 200

Energy and system-size dependence of two- and four-particlev2measurements in heavy-ion collisions atsNN=62.4and 200

Initial partonic eccentricity fluctuations in a multiphase transport model

Theory of High-Energy A+A at RHIC

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