Ellagic Acid Content in Selected Wild Species of Fruit Roses

Abstract

Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural antioxidant, belonging to the group of polyphenolic compounds. It displays a broad spectrum of pro-health effects, ranging from the prevention of cancer to antiviral properties. It is present in many fruit from the rose family (Rosaceae): strawberries, raspberries, blackberries and walnuts as well as cranberries and grapes. The available literature states that the fruit of roses, in addition to their aesthetic and functional applications, also show therapeutic properties, which, among other things, are associated with a high content of polyphenols, including ellagic acid derivatives. The aim of this research was to determine the differences in the content of free ellagic acid in the fruit of selected rose species. The test material consisted of freeze-dried sublimation and ground fruit from the following species of roses: R. canina, R. moyesii, R. pendulina. The fruit was separated into two fractions: flesh and seeds. Quantitative analysis of free ellagic acid was carried out by spectrofluorimetry. The free EA was present both in the flesh and in the seeds of the studied species of roses. Its content in the mentioned fractions varied depending on the species. The flesh of R. pendulina was characterised by the highest level of EA in free form (247.72 μg·g–1 of dry weight). The seeds of R. moyesii proved to be the most abundant in free EA (105.69 μg·g–1 of dry weight.

Characterization of Free and Bound Phenolic Acids and Flavonoid Aglycones in Rosa rugosa Thunb. Leaves and Achenes Using LC–ESI–MS/MS–MRM Methods

“…Average ± SD Average ± SD Average ± SD Average ± SD Average ± SD Average ± SD The rose achenes (FRU) were found to be a relatively rich source of phenolics representing different phenolic classes [1]. Karczmarz et al [21] showed the presence of free and bound PA in R. canina, R. moyesii, and R. pendulina achenes. Our previous study demonstrated the content of gallic, protocatechuic, caffeic, sinapic, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids in teas and tinctures from rugosa rose true fruits [1].…”

“…The large amounts of rose leaves and achenes constituting an interesting raw material for potential application are obtained from rose plantations every year. Although these rose organs are still being treated as plantation by-products and often discarded without any utilization, the interest in their potential use for commercial purposes (e.g., for preparation of nutraceuticals, functional foods, or pharmaceutical products) has continued to grow in recent years [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Moreover, rose leaves have been used in folk medicine to cure bronchitis and were found to exhibit anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-nociceptive activities [22,23].…”